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Air at the Rektorat station

Centar, North Macedonia

Network: Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning · Station code: MK0043A

This year, up to yesterday (October 6)

36 days

with a daily average of particulate matter PM10 above the EU limit of 50 µg/m³.

35 days are allowed in the whole year.

The number allowed for the whole year has been exceeded.

1 day more than allowed

In 2025: 78 days above the limit, 35 allowed.

Worst day: January 15, 2026, PM10 128 µg/m³ as a daily average, 2.6 times the limit.

Daily average for 267 of 279 days · data for 2026 not yet finally verified · Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)

All figures by year and month

Moderate

Air now · Measured at 21:00

Latest values

Latest value: 21:00

Readings
PollutantValueLevel
PM1082.8 µg/m³Moderate
NO₂0 µg/m³Good

How the air is changing

Over the last seven days there was more PM10 in the air than the week before.

  • PM10: average 32 µg/m³, week before 20.8 µg/m³
  • PM2.5: too few readings to compare
  • NO₂: average 0 µg/m³, week before 0 µg/m³
  • O₃: too few readings to compare

Last month the values were about the same as the month before.

  • PM10: average 27.6 µg/m³, month before 29.6 µg/m³
  • PM2.5: too few readings to compare
  • NO₂: too few readings to compare
  • O₃: too few readings to compare

Show

Particulate matter PM10

82.8

Nowµg/m³

Measured at 21:00

48.8

Last 24 hoursµg/m³

measured in 96 % of hours · provisional

32

Last 7 daysµg/m³

measured in 100 % of hours · provisional

27.6

Last 30 daysµg/m³

measured in 100 % of hours · provisional

37.5

Last 12 monthsµg/m³

measured in 98 % of hours · provisional

Days in 2024: PM10, daily average above 50 µg/m³

86 days above the limit.

1102031JanJan 1: 166 µg/m³, above the limitJan 2: 139 µg/m³, above the limitJan 3: 117 µg/m³, above the limitJan 4: 96 µg/m³, above the limitJan 5: 93 µg/m³, above the limitJan 6: 153 µg/m³, above the limitJan 7: 56 µg/m³, above the limitJan 11: 51 µg/m³, above the limitJan 12: 67 µg/m³, above the limitJan 13: 62 µg/m³, above the limitJan 14: 93 µg/m³, above the limitJan 15: 139 µg/m³, above the limitJan 16: 102 µg/m³, above the limitJan 17: 100 µg/m³, above the limitJan 18: 70 µg/m³, above the limitJan 19: 85 µg/m³, above the limitJan 22: 81 µg/m³, above the limitJan 23: 105 µg/m³, above the limitJan 24: 60 µg/m³, above the limitJan 25: 97 µg/m³, above the limitJan 31: 95 µg/m³, above the limitFebFeb 1: 104 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 2: 90 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 3: 72 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 4: 134 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 5: 117 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 6: 119 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 7: 121 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 8: 105 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 9: 91 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 10: 92 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 12: 65 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 16: 66 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 17: 71 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 18: 72 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 19: 51 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 20: 50 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 23: 55 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 24: 57 µg/m³, above the limitMarMar 21: 56 µg/m³, above the limitMar 22: 60 µg/m³, above the limitMar 27: 56 µg/m³, above the limitMar 28: 50 µg/m³, above the limitMar 30: 53 µg/m³, above the limitAprApr 1: 57 µg/m³, above the limitMayJunJun 21: 69 µg/m³, above the limitJun 22: 53 µg/m³, above the limitJulAugSepOctOct 23: 58 µg/m³, above the limitOct 24: 60 µg/m³, above the limitOct 26: 51 µg/m³, above the limitOct 27: 52 µg/m³, above the limitOct 28: 86 µg/m³, above the limitOct 29: 69 µg/m³, above the limitOct 30: 53 µg/m³, above the limitNovNov 2: 54 µg/m³, above the limitNov 4: 54 µg/m³, above the limitNov 6: 55 µg/m³, above the limitNov 7: 70 µg/m³, above the limitNov 8: 73 µg/m³, above the limitNov 9: 79 µg/m³, above the limitNov 10: 85 µg/m³, above the limitNov 11: 60 µg/m³, above the limitNov 18: 89 µg/m³, above the limitNov 19: 96 µg/m³, above the limitNov 20: 72 µg/m³, above the limitNov 25: 95 µg/m³, above the limitNov 26: 104 µg/m³, above the limitNov 27: 119 µg/m³, above the limitNov 28: 108 µg/m³, above the limitNov 29: 60 µg/m³, above the limitDecDec 3: 52 µg/m³, above the limitDec 4: 54 µg/m³, above the limitDec 8: 51 µg/m³, above the limitDec 9: 53 µg/m³, above the limitDec 10: 66 µg/m³, above the limitDec 14: 65 µg/m³, above the limitDec 15: 64 µg/m³, above the limitDec 17: 87 µg/m³, above the limitDec 18: 123 µg/m³, above the limitDec 19: 115 µg/m³, above the limitDec 20: 124 µg/m³, above the limitDec 22: 53 µg/m³, above the limitDec 23: 58 µg/m³, above the limitDec 29: 85 µg/m³, above the limitDec 30: 145 µg/m³, above the limitDec 31: 160 µg/m³, above the limit
  • above the limit
  • below the limit
  • too few readings for the day
Days above the limit with values (86)
  1. Jan 1 166
  2. Jan 2 139
  3. Jan 3 117
  4. Jan 4 96
  5. Jan 5 93
  6. Jan 6 153
  7. Jan 7 56
  8. Jan 11 51
  9. Jan 12 67
  10. Jan 13 62
  11. Jan 14 93
  12. Jan 15 139
  13. Jan 16 102
  14. Jan 17 100
  15. Jan 18 70
  16. Jan 19 85
  17. Jan 22 81
  18. Jan 23 105
  19. Jan 24 60
  20. Jan 25 97
  21. Jan 31 95
  22. Feb 1 104
  23. Feb 2 90
  24. Feb 3 72
  25. Feb 4 134
  26. Feb 5 117
  27. Feb 6 119
  28. Feb 7 121
  29. Feb 8 105
  30. Feb 9 91
  31. Feb 10 92
  32. Feb 12 65
  33. Feb 16 66
  34. Feb 17 71
  35. Feb 18 72
  36. Feb 19 51
  37. Feb 20 50
  38. Feb 23 55
  39. Feb 24 57
  40. Mar 21 56
  41. Mar 22 60
  42. Mar 27 56
  43. Mar 28 50
  44. Mar 30 53
  45. Apr 1 57
  46. Jun 21 69
  47. Jun 22 53
  48. Oct 23 58
  49. Oct 24 60
  50. Oct 26 51
  51. Oct 27 52
  52. Oct 28 86
  53. Oct 29 69
  54. Oct 30 53
  55. Nov 2 54
  56. Nov 4 54
  57. Nov 6 55
  58. Nov 7 70
  59. Nov 8 73
  60. Nov 9 79
  61. Nov 10 85
  62. Nov 11 60
  63. Nov 18 89
  64. Nov 19 96
  65. Nov 20 72
  66. Nov 25 95
  67. Nov 26 104
  68. Nov 27 119
  69. Nov 28 108
  70. Nov 29 60
  71. Dec 3 52
  72. Dec 4 54
  73. Dec 8 51
  74. Dec 9 53
  75. Dec 10 66
  76. Dec 14 65
  77. Dec 15 64
  78. Dec 17 87
  79. Dec 18 123
  80. Dec 19 115
  81. Dec 20 124
  82. Dec 22 53
  83. Dec 23 58
  84. Dec 29 85
  85. Dec 30 145
  86. Dec 31 160

Values in µg/m³, limit 50 µg/m³.

Months of 2024

MonthDays above 50Highest dayNo readings
January21 above the number allowed1660
February18 above the number allowed1340
March5 above the number allowed600
April1 above the number allowed570
May0420
June2 above the number allowed690
July0410
August0400
September0440
October7 above the number allowed860
November16 above the number allowed1190
December16 above the number allowed1600

Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.

Last 7 days, every hour: PM10 in µg/m³highest 130 µg/m³, latest 83 µg/m³ (21:00)050100150ThuFriSatSunMonTueWedlatest 83 (21:00)
measuredmodel estimate, not counted
Last 7 days, every hour: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Hour toµg/m³Note
Wednesday, 10/7
22:0065model estimate, not counted
21:0082.8
20:00130.1
19:0058.1
18:0025.1
17:0026.4
16:0033
15:0032.9
14:0032.6
13:0043.5
12:0053.2
11:0056.8
10:0053.7
09:0047.5
08:0038.9
07:0038
06:0037.7
05:0032.9
04:0048.3
03:0053.9
02:0051.9
01:0050.5
Tuesday, 10/6
00:0041.6
23:0052.2
22:0055.1
21:0059.4
20:00116.2
19:0046.5
18:0020.1
17:0021.2
16:0024.5
15:0034.1
14:0035.4
13:0042.4
12:0048.9
11:0048.9
10:0064.7
09:0059
08:0041.3
07:0046.9
06:0045.1
05:0047.6
04:0059.2
03:0061.4
02:0050.5
01:0042.2
Monday, 10/5
00:0046.1
23:0048.2
22:0051.7
21:0064.8
20:0077.2
19:0025.6
18:0017.4
17:0023.8
16:0021.6
15:0032.7
14:0032.7
13:0028.3
12:0033.5
11:0043.5
10:0051.6
09:0043.3
08:0030.1
07:0013.9
06:0030.2
05:0034.4
04:0041.3
03:0028.4
02:0035.6
01:0028.1
Sunday, 10/4
00:0029.8
23:0026.6
22:0037.6
21:0033.8
20:0082
19:0027.3
18:0013.6
17:007
16:007.4
15:0015
14:0015.5
13:0023.8
12:0021
11:0021.1
10:0023.2
09:0025.6
08:0018.3
07:0024.1
06:0024.8
05:0021.2
04:0025.9
03:0050.5
02:0042.5
01:0052.2
Saturday, 10/3
00:0055
23:0038.6
22:0050.1
21:0070.7
20:0062.9
19:0025.6
18:0019
17:0019.2
16:0022.9
15:0021.6
14:0015
13:0015.5
12:0024.4
11:0031.7
10:0025.9
09:0024.4
08:0013.3
07:0018.9
06:0018
05:0018.3
04:0024.8
03:0039.9
02:0039
01:0038.8
Friday, 10/2
00:0035.1
23:0036.6
22:0029.8
21:0026.8
20:0023.6
19:0016.6
18:0026.5
17:0018.5
16:0027.6
15:0020.9
14:0018.9
13:0017.4
12:0024.6
11:0034.9
10:0032.4
09:0021.7
08:0016.2
07:0018.7
06:0014.1
05:0016.4
04:0023.4
03:0030.1
02:0031.3
01:0037.5
Thursday, 10/1
00:0047.1
23:0048.9
22:0064.9
21:0045.2
20:0030.5
19:0020.5
18:0012.4
17:0019.2
16:0021.5
15:0012.3
14:0017.2
13:0021.7
12:0033
11:0033.3
10:0037.3
09:0024.9
08:0022.7
07:0017.8
06:0014.8
05:0014.3
04:0020.3
03:0044.3
02:0031.2
01:0034.1
Wednesday, 9/30
00:0035.5
Last 30 days, daily average: PM10 in µg/m³highest 49 µg/m³, latest 49 µg/m³02040609/99/169/239/30highest 49
EU daily limit, 50 µg/m³
Last 30 days, daily average: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Dayµg/m³Note
Tue, 10/648.5provisional
Mon, 10/536.8provisional
Sun, 10/427.9provisional
Sat, 10/330.6provisional
Fri, 10/225provisional
Thu, 10/128.7provisional
Wed, 9/3026.5provisional
Tue, 9/2922.3provisional
Mon, 9/2821.2provisional
Sun, 9/2715.3provisional
Sat, 9/2619.4provisional
Fri, 9/2526.3provisional
Thu, 9/2425.3provisional
Wed, 9/2315.9provisional
Tue, 9/2217.8provisional
Mon, 9/2128.3provisional
Sun, 9/2024.3provisional
Sat, 9/1932.9provisional
Fri, 9/1832.4provisional
Thu, 9/1726provisional
Wed, 9/1618.5provisional
Tue, 9/1524.8provisional
Mon, 9/1422.5provisional
Sun, 9/1317.9provisional
Sat, 9/1235provisional
Fri, 9/1138.5provisional
Thu, 9/1039.9provisional
Wed, 9/941.3provisional
Tue, 9/831.5provisional
Mon, 9/726.1provisional
Last 12 months, monthly average: PM10 in µg/m³highest 83 µg/m³, latest 33 µg/m³050100DecFebAprJunAugOcthighest 83latest 33
Last 12 monthsthis month so fara year earlierEU annual limit, 40 µg/m³month with days without data from the station
Last 12 months, monthly average: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Monthµg/m³a year earlierNote
October 2026 so far32.919.9measured in 100 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days
September 202627.626.2measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
August 202629.6too few readingsmeasured in 100 % of hours · provisional
July 202623.829.8measured in 81 % of hours · provisional · 4 days without data from the station
June 202620.929measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
May 202621.221measured in 93 % of hours · provisional
April 202623.921.5measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
March 202637.538.6measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
February 202641.154.1measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
January 202663.178.8measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
December 202582.758.7measured in 100 % of hours · verified
November 202541.658.3measured in 100 % of hours · verified

PM10 by year

Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)

Measure2026*20252024
Days above 50 µg/m³ (allowed 35)36 above the number allowed78 above the number allowed86 above the number allowed
Annual average, µg/m³ (EU limit 40)32.3*40.4 above the number allowed41.4 above the number allowed
Highest daily average, µg/m³128January 15212December 19166January 1
Highest hourly value, µg/m³268July 21501December 20424December 30
Hours measured97 %96 %100 %
Days without any reading from the station4110

* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.

The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.

≥ means at least: more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, so the real number may be higher.

Unverified hourly values of particulate matter from 975 µg/m³ up, and single spikes from 500 µg/m³ up between low values, count as missing. In the verified data for BiH from 2023 to 2025 no hour was above 600 µg/m³.

■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.

The column for 2023 is shown on wider screens.

Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation

This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.

  • EU from 2030: daily 45 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2024 there were 94 such days.
  • WHO 2021: daily 45 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2024 there were 94 such days.
  • EU from 2030: annual average 20 µg/m³. Average in 2024: 41 µg/m³.
  • WHO 2021: annual average 15 µg/m³. Average in 2024: 41 µg/m³.

Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.

The worst days of 2024

DayAverageTimes the limit
Jan 1, 20241663.3 ×
Dec 31, 20241603.2 ×
Jan 6, 20241533.1 ×
Dec 30, 20241452.9 ×
Jan 15, 20241392.8 ×

Daily average in µg/m³, daily limit 50 µg/m³. Days with the same unverified value over many hours are not on this list.

Outages in the last 12 months

Every period of at least 24 hours in which no reading arrived from this station.

Days without a reading: 6

2 outages, 147 hours in total in the last 12 months.

Timeline of outages from October 7, 2025 to today

FromToDuration
Jul 1, 2026 12:00Jul 6, 2026 09:005 days
May 19, 2026 04:00May 20, 2026 10:0030 hours

Calculated from the hourly values the EEA publishes. If late values arrive afterwards, an outage gets shorter or disappears.

Where the data comes from

Measured by Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning. We take the values from the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the CC BY 4.0 licence.

Values marked provisional have not been fully checked by the network yet. The EEA publishes verified data for the previous year once a year, usually by the end of September.

An hourly value is the average of one hour. We show the end of the hour: the value to 18:00 was measured from 17:00 to 18:00.

A day runs from midnight to midnight local time.

We only show an average when at least three out of four hours in the period have a reading. The EU air quality directive requires this for daily averages, and we apply the same rule to longer periods. We compare an annual average with the EU limit only once 90 % of hours are measured, as the directive requires. For 12 months and for a year we ask for more: if less than 90 % of hours are measured, every full calendar month needs readings for at least half of its hours. Otherwise a whole season could be missing from the average, such as summer, when ozone is highest.

We do not call a difference of up to 10 % a change, nor one of up to 1 µg/m³ at low levels, because weather and measurement uncertainty alone cause differences that size.

When a station sends no reading, the EEA sometimes fills the hour with a model estimate. We draw those hours dashed and leave them out of every average.

The EU limits come from Directive 2008/50/EC. Here they serve as a yardstick for comparison. When more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, the number of exceedances can only be higher, so we write “at least” in front of it.

How we measure

samoEKO is a brand of samoLabs, Juelich.