Air at the Belgrade-Vracar station
Vračar, Serbia
Network: Agency for Environmental Protection · Station code: RS0037A
This year, up to yesterday (October 6)
25 days
with an 8-hour average of ozone (O₃) above the target value of 120 µg/m³.
The target value allows 25 such days a year, averaged over three years.
In 2025: 10 days above the limit, the target value allows 25 as a three-year average.
Worst day: July 19, 2026, O₃ 176 µg/m³ as a daily average, 1.5 times the limit.
Daily average for 266 of 279 days · data for 2026 not yet finally verified · Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)
Extremely poor
Air now · Measured at 21:00
Latest values
Latest value: 21:00
| Pollutant | Value | Level |
|---|---|---|
| NO₂ | 151.8 µg/m³ | Extremely poor |
| O₃ | 5.8 µg/m³ | Good |
| SO₂ | 52.1 µg/m³ | Moderate |
How the air is changing
Over the last seven days there was more NO₂, O₃, and SO₂ in the air than the week before.
- NO₂: average 46.2 µg/m³, week before 39.7 µg/m³
- O₃: average 53.3 µg/m³, week before 32.9 µg/m³
- SO₂: average 7.5 µg/m³, week before 6.5 µg/m³
Last month there was more NO₂ and less O₃ and SO₂ in the air than the month before.
- NO₂: average 33.1 µg/m³, month before 25.7 µg/m³
- O₃: average 55.3 µg/m³, month before 87.5 µg/m³
- SO₂: average 6.1 µg/m³, month before 8 µg/m³
Show
Nitrogen dioxide NO₂
151.8
Nowµg/m³
Measured at 21:00
88.8
Last 24 hoursµg/m³
measured in 92 % of hours · provisional
46.2
Last 7 daysµg/m³
measured in 99 % of hours · provisional
37.9
Last 30 daysµg/m³
measured in 98 % of hours · provisional
too few readings
Last 12 months
measured in 84 % of hours · 2 months with too few readings · provisional
Days in 2025: NO₂, at least one hour above 200 µg/m³
No measured day above the limit. 1 day without any reading from the station.
- above the limit
- below the limit
- too few readings for the day
- no data from the station
Months of 2025
| Month | Days with an hour above 200 | Hours above 200 | Highest day | No readings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 0 | 0 | 59 | 0 |
| February | 0 | 0 | 57 | 0 |
| March | 0 | 0 | 69 | 0 |
| April | 0 | 0 | 51 | 0 |
| May | 0 | 0 | 48 | 0 |
| June | 0 | 0 | 62 | 0 |
| July | 0 | 0 | 59 | 0 |
| August | 0 | 0 | 58 | 0 |
| September | 0 | 0 | 68 | 0 |
| October | 0 | 0 | 63 | 0 |
| November | 0 | 0 | 59 | 1 |
| December | 0 | 0 | 67 | 0 |
Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.
Values as a table
| Hour to | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Wednesday, 10/7 | ||
| 21:00 | 151.8 | |
| 20:00 | 128.6 | |
| 19:00 | 82.3 | |
| 18:00 | 38.3 | |
| 17:00 | 29.8 | |
| 16:00 | 25.5 | |
| 15:00 | 52.8 | |
| 14:00 | 84.7 | |
| 13:00 | 85.3 | |
| 12:00 | 105 | |
| 11:00 | 30 | model estimate, not counted |
| 10:00 | 103.7 | |
| 09:00 | 89.8 | |
| 08:00 | 77 | |
| 07:00 | 74.7 | |
| 06:00 | 77.3 | |
| 05:00 | 83.8 | |
| 04:00 | 89.5 | |
| 03:00 | 100.8 | |
| 02:00 | 107.9 | |
| 01:00 | 110.6 | |
| Tuesday, 10/6 | ||
| 00:00 | 121.3 | |
| 23:00 | 134.1 | |
| 22:00 | 141.7 | |
| 21:00 | 143 | |
| 20:00 | 109.8 | |
| 19:00 | 55.8 | |
| 18:00 | 29 | |
| 17:00 | 25.7 | |
| 16:00 | 26 | |
| 15:00 | 23.6 | |
| 14:00 | 49.8 | |
| 13:00 | 97.5 | |
| 12:00 | 104.9 | |
| 11:00 | 111 | |
| 10:00 | 101.5 | |
| 09:00 | 84.4 | |
| 08:00 | 71 | |
| 07:00 | 69.3 | |
| 06:00 | 63.4 | |
| 05:00 | 77.8 | |
| 04:00 | 86.8 | |
| 03:00 | 97.6 | |
| 02:00 | 106 | |
| 01:00 | 116.1 | |
| Monday, 10/5 | ||
| 00:00 | 121.2 | |
| 23:00 | 134.2 | |
| 22:00 | 139.2 | |
| 21:00 | 130.8 | |
| 20:00 | 89 | |
| 19:00 | 51.3 | |
| 18:00 | 23.8 | |
| 17:00 | 18.6 | |
| 16:00 | 19.5 | |
| 15:00 | 30.2 | |
| 14:00 | 56.5 | |
| 13:00 | 60.4 | |
| 12:00 | 58.4 | |
| 11:00 | 55.5 | |
| 10:00 | 66.2 | |
| 09:00 | 79.9 | |
| 08:00 | 68.8 | |
| 07:00 | 61.8 | |
| 06:00 | 63.3 | |
| 05:00 | 74.6 | |
| 04:00 | 85.4 | |
| 03:00 | 93.9 | |
| 02:00 | 98.4 | |
| 01:00 | 106.1 | |
| Sunday, 10/4 | ||
| 00:00 | 111.5 | |
| 23:00 | 116.3 | |
| 22:00 | 120.1 | |
| 21:00 | 97.4 | |
| 20:00 | 67 | |
| 19:00 | 30 | |
| 18:00 | 14.3 | |
| 17:00 | 11.3 | |
| 16:00 | 12.3 | |
| 15:00 | 11.8 | |
| 14:00 | 10.6 | |
| 13:00 | 13.1 | |
| 12:00 | 12.4 | |
| 11:00 | 15 | |
| 09:00 | 34.1 | |
| 08:00 | 17.1 | |
| 07:00 | 12.7 | |
| 06:00 | 10.3 | |
| 05:00 | 12.4 | |
| 04:00 | 12.9 | |
| 03:00 | 25.4 | |
| 02:00 | 27.6 | |
| 01:00 | 32.1 | |
| Saturday, 10/3 | ||
| 00:00 | 85.8 | |
| 23:00 | 104.3 | |
| 22:00 | 111.3 | |
| 21:00 | 86.4 | |
| 20:00 | 46.5 | |
| 19:00 | 23.5 | |
| 18:00 | 12.9 | |
| 17:00 | 11.9 | |
| 16:00 | 14.1 | |
| 15:00 | 12 | |
| 14:00 | 13 | |
| 13:00 | 14.2 | |
| 12:00 | 21 | |
| 11:00 | 27.3 | |
| 10:00 | 35.8 | |
| 09:00 | 44.8 | |
| 08:00 | 23.6 | |
| 07:00 | 16.4 | |
| 06:00 | 19.2 | |
| 05:00 | 19 | |
| 04:00 | 15.9 | |
| 03:00 | 19.8 | |
| 02:00 | 33 | |
| 01:00 | 51.1 | |
| Friday, 10/2 | ||
| 00:00 | 100.1 | |
| 23:00 | 117.5 | |
| 22:00 | 118.3 | |
| 21:00 | 105.7 | |
| 20:00 | 52.7 | |
| 19:00 | 21.3 | |
| 18:00 | 15.1 | |
| 17:00 | 14.5 | |
| 16:00 | 14.9 | |
| 15:00 | 12.1 | |
| 14:00 | 11.8 | |
| 13:00 | 14.2 | |
| 12:00 | 24.3 | |
| 11:00 | 27.2 | |
| 10:00 | 35.5 | |
| 09:00 | 38.7 | |
| 08:00 | 40.3 | |
| 07:00 | 35.9 | |
| 06:00 | 30.7 | |
| 05:00 | 20.6 | |
| 04:00 | 17.5 | |
| 03:00 | 21.6 | |
| 02:00 | 27.5 | |
| 01:00 | 32.6 | |
| Thursday, 10/1 | ||
| 00:00 | 42.6 | |
| 23:00 | 60.9 | |
| 22:00 | 86.7 | |
| 21:00 | 66.8 | |
| 20:00 | 39.2 | |
| 19:00 | 22.9 | |
| 18:00 | 14.8 | |
| 17:00 | 14.4 | |
| 16:00 | 14.9 | |
| 15:00 | 12.7 | |
| 14:00 | 13.5 | |
| 13:00 | 14.8 | |
| 12:00 | 16.9 | |
| 11:00 | 25 | |
| 10:00 | 42.1 | |
| 08:00 | 29.2 | |
| 07:00 | 14.7 | |
| 06:00 | 11.3 | |
| 05:00 | 8.4 | |
| 04:00 | 9.8 | |
| 03:00 | 14.4 | |
| 02:00 | 22.2 | |
| 01:00 | 24.4 | |
| Wednesday, 9/30 | ||
| 00:00 | 28.4 | |
Values as a table
| Day | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tue, 10/6 | 85.3 | provisional |
| Mon, 10/5 | 74.5 | provisional |
| Sun, 10/4 | 36 | provisional |
| Sat, 10/3 | 36 | provisional |
| Fri, 10/2 | 39.6 | provisional |
| Thu, 10/1 | 27.1 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/30 | 23.7 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/29 | 59 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/28 | 56.6 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/27 | 47.8 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/26 | 36.5 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/25 | 27.4 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/24 | 29 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/23 | 21.8 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/22 | 24.3 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/21 | 38.4 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/20 | 55.9 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/19 | 42 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/18 | 31.3 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/17 | 43.5 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/16 | 44.1 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/15 | 23.5 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/14 | 37.5 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/13 | 25.6 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/12 | 14 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/11 | 32 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/10 | 19.9 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/9 | 19.5 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/8 | 34.6 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/7 | 48.2 | provisional |
Values as a table
| Month | µg/m³ | a year earlier | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 2026 so far | 50 | 25.5 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days |
| September 2026 | 33.1 | 30.5 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| August 2026 | 25.7 | 28.9 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| July 2026 | 25.5 | 29.5 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| June 2026 | 29 | 31.9 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| May 2026 | 25.9 | 28 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| April 2026 | 27.5 | 25.7 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| March 2026 | 27.2 | 33.7 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| February 2026 | too few readings | 30 | measured in 32 % of hours · provisional |
| January 2026 | too few readings | 33 | |
| December 2025 | 31.7 | 36 | measured in 99 % of hours · verified |
| November 2025 | 28.9 | 37.2 | measured in 91 % of hours · verified · 1 day without data from the station |
NO₂ by year
Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)
| Measure | 2026* | 2025 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hours above 200 µg/m³ (allowed 18) | 0² | 0 | 0 |
| Hours above 400 µg/m³, three hours in a row (alert threshold) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Annual average, µg/m³ (EU limit 40) | too few | 30.2 | 30.6 |
| Highest daily average, µg/m³ | 85October 6 | 69March 5 | 83September 3 |
| Highest hourly value, µg/m³ | 155August 11 | 154June 25 | 175August 16 |
| Hours measured | 81 % | 98 % | 98 % |
| Days without any reading from the station | 0 | 1 | 0 |
* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.
The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.
² Too few readings to compare with the number allowed: the figure covers only what was measured.
■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.
There is no allowed number for the warning and alert thresholds: every such hour or day is in red.
The column for 2023 is shown on wider screens.
Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation
This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.
- EU from 2030: daily 50 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2025 there were 36 such days.
- WHO 2021: daily 25 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2025 there were 205 such days.
- EU from 2030: annual average 20 µg/m³. Average in 2025: 30 µg/m³.
- WHO 2021: annual average 10 µg/m³. Average in 2025: 30 µg/m³.
Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.
Ozone O₃
5.8
Nowµg/m³
Measured at 21:00
25.3
Last 24 hoursµg/m³
measured in 96 % of hours · provisional
53.3
Last 7 daysµg/m³
measured in 99 % of hours · provisional
50.9
Last 30 daysµg/m³
measured in 98 % of hours · provisional
51
Last 12 monthsµg/m³
measured in 95 % of hours · provisional
Days in 2025: O₃, 8-hour average above 120 µg/m³
10 days above the limit. 1 day without any reading from the station.
- above the limit
- below the limit
- too few readings for the day
- no data from the station
Days above the limit with values (10)
- May 1 127
- May 2 121
- May 3 122
- Jun 5 135
- Jun 6 142
- Jun 7 140
- Jun 23 152
- Jul 6 147
- Jul 24 127
- Jul 26 137
Values in µg/m³, limit 120 µg/m³.
Months of 2025
| Month | Days above 120 | Highest 8 h | No readings |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 0 | 63 | 0 |
| February | 0 | 76 | 0 |
| March | 0 | 113 | 0 |
| April | 0 | 111 | 0 |
| May | 3 above the number allowed | 127 | 0 |
| June | 4 above the number allowed | 152 | 0 |
| July | 3 above the number allowed | 147 | 0 |
| August | 0 | 112 | 0 |
| September | 0 | 106 | 0 |
| October | 0 | 61 | 0 |
| November | 0 | 61 | 1 |
| December | 0 | 57 | 0 |
Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.
Values as a table
| Hour to | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Wednesday, 10/7 | ||
| 21:00 | 5.8 | |
| 20:00 | 11.1 | |
| 19:00 | 51.9 | |
| 18:00 | 93.5 | |
| 17:00 | 100.7 | |
| 16:00 | 103.9 | |
| 15:00 | 79.3 | |
| 14:00 | 35.5 | |
| 13:00 | 28.2 | |
| 12:00 | 8.1 | |
| 11:00 | 6.5 | |
| 10:00 | 3 | |
| 09:00 | 3.5 | |
| 08:00 | 3.7 | |
| 07:00 | 4.7 | |
| 06:00 | 6.9 | |
| 05:00 | 3.1 | |
| 04:00 | 3 | |
| 03:00 | 3.1 | |
| 02:00 | 6.2 | |
| 01:00 | 10.3 | |
| Tuesday, 10/6 | ||
| 00:00 | 5.6 | |
| 23:00 | 4.5 | |
| 22:00 | 5.8 | |
| 21:00 | 5.2 | |
| 20:00 | 28.7 | |
| 19:00 | 83.8 | |
| 18:00 | 114.1 | |
| 17:00 | 117.3 | |
| 16:00 | 115.6 | |
| 15:00 | 111 | |
| 14:00 | 87.4 | |
| 13:00 | 32.4 | |
| 12:00 | 13.9 | |
| 11:00 | 7.9 | |
| 10:00 | 5.1 | |
| 09:00 | 3.1 | |
| 08:00 | 2.5 | |
| 07:00 | 2.7 | |
| 06:00 | 10.5 | |
| 05:00 | 2.5 | |
| 04:00 | 2.4 | |
| 03:00 | 3.2 | |
| 02:00 | 3.6 | |
| 01:00 | 4.3 | |
| Monday, 10/5 | ||
| 00:00 | 4.6 | |
| 22:00 | 5.4 | |
| 21:00 | 9.2 | |
| 20:00 | 43.7 | |
| 19:00 | 92.3 | |
| 18:00 | 123.9 | |
| 17:00 | 113.8 | |
| 16:00 | 108.2 | |
| 15:00 | 86.8 | |
| 14:00 | 47.2 | |
| 13:00 | 35.3 | |
| 12:00 | 38.2 | |
| 11:00 | 26.6 | |
| 10:00 | 11.9 | |
| 09:00 | 3.1 | |
| 08:00 | 3.1 | |
| 07:00 | 2.6 | |
| 06:00 | 2.2 | |
| 05:00 | 2.6 | |
| 04:00 | 2.8 | |
| 03:00 | 3.4 | |
| 02:00 | 4.6 | |
| 01:00 | 5.1 | |
| Sunday, 10/4 | ||
| 00:00 | 5.4 | |
| 23:00 | 5.6 | |
| 22:00 | 5 | |
| 21:00 | 17.2 | |
| 20:00 | 51.3 | |
| 19:00 | 75.4 | |
| 18:00 | 94.7 | |
| 17:00 | 97.6 | |
| 16:00 | 94.6 | |
| 15:00 | 93.3 | |
| 14:00 | 91.3 | |
| 13:00 | 78.3 | |
| 12:00 | 76.9 | |
| 11:00 | 72.1 | |
| 10:00 | 63.5 | |
| 09:00 | 48.1 | |
| 08:00 | 65.8 | |
| 07:00 | 68.4 | |
| 06:00 | 73.4 | |
| 05:00 | 71.9 | |
| 04:00 | 72 | |
| 03:00 | 57.7 | |
| 02:00 | 57.8 | |
| 01:00 | 55.5 | |
| Saturday, 10/3 | ||
| 00:00 | 10 | |
| 23:00 | 4 | |
| 22:00 | 4.2 | |
| 21:00 | 20.5 | |
| 20:00 | 64.7 | |
| 19:00 | 92.3 | |
| 18:00 | 104.6 | |
| 17:00 | 101.5 | |
| 16:00 | 95.1 | |
| 15:00 | 95.2 | |
| 14:00 | 91.2 | |
| 13:00 | 86.7 | |
| 12:00 | 72.8 | |
| 11:00 | 66.7 | |
| 10:00 | 57.9 | |
| 09:00 | 47.7 | |
| 08:00 | 67 | |
| 07:00 | 73.1 | |
| 06:00 | 68.2 | |
| 05:00 | 66.7 | |
| 04:00 | 71.8 | |
| 03:00 | 71.6 | |
| 02:00 | 59.5 | |
| 01:00 | 41.3 | |
| Friday, 10/2 | ||
| 00:00 | 5.7 | |
| 23:00 | 4.3 | |
| 21:00 | 6 | |
| 20:00 | 50.9 | |
| 19:00 | 83 | |
| 18:00 | 89.5 | |
| 17:00 | 96.1 | |
| 16:00 | 97.4 | |
| 15:00 | 97.1 | |
| 14:00 | 93.7 | |
| 13:00 | 85.8 | |
| 12:00 | 67.8 | |
| 11:00 | 63.5 | |
| 10:00 | 53.4 | |
| 09:00 | 47.2 | |
| 08:00 | 38.4 | |
| 07:00 | 35.9 | |
| 06:00 | 34.7 | |
| 05:00 | 59.1 | |
| 04:00 | 63.7 | |
| 03:00 | 59.9 | |
| 02:00 | 57.9 | |
| 01:00 | 56.3 | |
| Thursday, 10/1 | ||
| 00:00 | 47 | |
| 23:00 | 30.4 | |
| 22:00 | 10.4 | |
| 21:00 | 30.4 | |
| 20:00 | 58.2 | |
| 19:00 | 78.1 | |
| 18:00 | 87.4 | |
| 17:00 | 88.6 | |
| 16:00 | 87.7 | |
| 15:00 | 89.4 | |
| 14:00 | 85.8 | |
| 13:00 | 79.6 | |
| 12:00 | 72.3 | |
| 11:00 | 56 | |
| 10:00 | 36.6 | |
| 09:00 | 24.7 | |
| 08:00 | 39 | |
| 07:00 | 52.6 | |
| 06:00 | 59.8 | |
| 05:00 | 69.7 | |
| 04:00 | 68.9 | |
| 03:00 | 67 | |
| 02:00 | 60 | |
| 01:00 | 59.1 | |
| Wednesday, 9/30 | ||
| 00:00 | 57.7 | |
Values as a table
| Day | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tue, 10/6 | 86.3 | provisional |
| Mon, 10/5 | 81.4 | provisional |
| Sun, 10/4 | 87.7 | provisional |
| Sat, 10/3 | 92.4 | provisional |
| Fri, 10/2 | 88.8 | provisional |
| Thu, 10/1 | 83.6 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/30 | 78.5 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/29 | 76.6 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/28 | 76.1 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/27 | 89.8 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/26 | 75.5 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/25 | 52.1 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/24 | 66 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/23 | 54.4 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/22 | 53.2 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/21 | 61.5 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/20 | 127.1 | above the limit · provisional |
| Sat, 9/19 | 109.7 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/18 | 89.9 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/17 | 99.9 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/16 | 100.3 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/15 | 80.9 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/14 | too few readings | |
| Sun, 9/13 | 87.5 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/12 | 85.7 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/11 | 67.4 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/10 | 94.6 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/9 | 121.8 | above the limit · provisional |
| Tue, 9/8 | 114.6 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/7 | 118.8 | provisional |
Values as a table
| Month | µg/m³ | a year earlier | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 2026 so far | 51.8 | 23.3 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days |
| September 2026 | 55.3 | 51.7 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| August 2026 | 87.5 | 66.4 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| July 2026 | 74.2 | 65.3 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| June 2026 | too few readings | 62.1 | measured in 63 % of hours · provisional |
| May 2026 | 67.8 | 60.1 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| April 2026 | 57.2 | 56.8 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| March 2026 | 54.2 | 50.8 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| February 2026 | 39 | 38.4 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| January 2026 | 33.2 | 27.3 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| December 2025 | 17.9 | 18.8 | measured in 99 % of hours · verified |
| November 2025 | 21.7 | 22.1 | measured in 91 % of hours · verified · 1 day without data from the station |
O₃ by year
Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)
| Measure | 2026* | 2025 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Days with 8-hour average above 120 µg/m³ (target value 25) | 25 | 10 | 20 |
| Annual average, µg/m³ | 59.5* | 45.7 | 42.4 |
| Highest 8-hour average, µg/m³ | 176July 19 | 152June 23 | 175August 15 |
| Hours measured | 95 % | 96 % | 97 % |
| Days without any reading from the station | 0 | 1 | 0 |
* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.
The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.
■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.
The column for 2023 is shown on wider screens.
The worst days of 2025
| Day | Highest 8 h | Times the limit |
|---|---|---|
| Jun 23, 2025 | 152 | 1.3 × |
| Jul 6, 2025 | 147 | 1.2 × |
| Jun 6, 2025 | 142 | 1.2 × |
| Jun 7, 2025 | 140 | 1.2 × |
| Jul 26, 2025 | 137 | 1.1 × |
Daily average in µg/m³, daily limit 120 µg/m³. Days with the same unverified value over many hours are not on this list.
Sulphur dioxide SO₂
52.1
Nowµg/m³
Measured at 21:00
19.2
Last 24 hoursµg/m³
measured in 92 % of hours · provisional
7.5
Last 7 daysµg/m³
measured in 99 % of hours · provisional
6.5
Last 30 daysµg/m³
measured in 98 % of hours · provisional
too few readings
Last 12 months
measured in 84 % of hours · 2 months with too few readings · provisional
Days in 2025: SO₂, daily average above 125 µg/m³
No measured day above the limit. 1 day without any reading from the station.
- above the limit
- below the limit
- too few readings for the day
- no SO₂ data in the EEA database
- no data from the station
Months of 2025
| Month | Days above 125 | Hours above 350 | Highest day | No readings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 0 | 0 | 43 | 0 |
| February | 0 | 0 | 37 | 0 |
| March | 0 | 0 | 29 | 0 |
| April | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 |
| May | 0 | 0 | 36 | 0 |
| June | 0 | 0 | 42 | 0 |
| July | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| August | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| September | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 |
| October | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| November | 0 | 0 | 22 | 1 |
| December | 0 | 0 | 19 | 0 |
Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.
Values as a table
| Hour to | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Wednesday, 10/7 | ||
| 21:00 | 52.1 | |
| 20:00 | 73.6 | |
| 19:00 | 64.4 | |
| 18:00 | 30 | |
| 17:00 | 8.8 | |
| 16:00 | 9.4 | |
| 15:00 | 11.1 | |
| 14:00 | 23.6 | |
| 12:00 | 14.1 | |
| 11:00 | 14.6 | |
| 10:00 | 15.6 | |
| 09:00 | 10.7 | |
| 08:00 | 7.7 | |
| 07:00 | 8 | |
| 06:00 | 8.4 | |
| 05:00 | 10.1 | |
| 04:00 | 10.9 | |
| 03:00 | 11.6 | |
| 02:00 | 9.5 | |
| 01:00 | 8.2 | |
| Tuesday, 10/6 | ||
| 00:00 | 8.6 | |
| 23:00 | 11.7 | |
| 22:00 | 13.7 | |
| 21:00 | 12.4 | |
| 20:00 | 9.5 | |
| 19:00 | 21.6 | |
| 18:00 | 21.4 | |
| 17:00 | 11.4 | |
| 16:00 | 11.6 | |
| 15:00 | 13.9 | |
| 14:00 | 10.5 | |
| 13:00 | 12.9 | |
| 12:00 | 11.6 | |
| 11:00 | 12 | |
| 10:00 | 10.2 | |
| 09:00 | 9.7 | |
| 08:00 | 6.4 | |
| 07:00 | 5.9 | |
| 06:00 | 5.6 | |
| 05:00 | 7 | |
| 04:00 | 8.8 | |
| 03:00 | 13.4 | |
| 02:00 | 12.5 | |
| 01:00 | 11.9 | |
| Monday, 10/5 | ||
| 00:00 | 10.7 | |
| 23:00 | 12.8 | |
| 22:00 | 16.7 | |
| 21:00 | 16.4 | |
| 20:00 | 17.3 | |
| 19:00 | 8.6 | |
| 18:00 | 6.8 | |
| 17:00 | 7 | |
| 16:00 | 7 | |
| 15:00 | 7.9 | |
| 14:00 | 8.6 | |
| 13:00 | 9.8 | |
| 12:00 | 10.1 | |
| 11:00 | 10.3 | |
| 10:00 | 7.8 | |
| 09:00 | 11.3 | |
| 08:00 | 6.2 | |
| 07:00 | 6.4 | |
| 06:00 | 6.9 | |
| 05:00 | 8.6 | |
| 04:00 | 10.2 | |
| 03:00 | 13 | |
| 02:00 | 12.6 | |
| 01:00 | 12.9 | |
| Sunday, 10/4 | ||
| 00:00 | 11.6 | |
| 23:00 | 10.8 | |
| 22:00 | 9 | |
| 21:00 | 7 | |
| 20:00 | 6.1 | |
| 19:00 | 5 | |
| 18:00 | 4.7 | |
| 17:00 | 4.6 | |
| 16:00 | 4.8 | |
| 15:00 | 4.7 | |
| 14:00 | 4.5 | |
| 13:00 | 4.1 | |
| 11:00 | 4.7 | |
| 10:00 | 5.3 | |
| 09:00 | 5.1 | |
| 08:00 | 4.5 | |
| 07:00 | 4.5 | |
| 06:00 | 4.6 | |
| 05:00 | 4.6 | |
| 04:00 | 4.9 | |
| 03:00 | 5.2 | |
| 02:00 | 5.3 | |
| 01:00 | 6.1 | |
| Saturday, 10/3 | ||
| 00:00 | 10.2 | |
| 23:00 | 14.2 | |
| 22:00 | 14.2 | |
| 21:00 | 18.6 | |
| 20:00 | 19.6 | |
| 19:00 | 22.6 | |
| 18:00 | 16.4 | |
| 17:00 | 6.3 | |
| 16:00 | 5.3 | |
| 15:00 | 5.1 | |
| 14:00 | 4.8 | |
| 13:00 | 4.8 | |
| 12:00 | 4.8 | |
| 11:00 | 4.9 | |
| 10:00 | 4.7 | |
| 09:00 | 4.7 | |
| 08:00 | 4.6 | |
| 07:00 | 4.9 | |
| 06:00 | 4.9 | |
| 05:00 | 5 | |
| 04:00 | 5.3 | |
| 03:00 | 5.1 | |
| 02:00 | 5.6 | |
| 01:00 | 7.8 | |
| Friday, 10/2 | ||
| 00:00 | 11.2 | |
| 23:00 | 14 | |
| 22:00 | 14.4 | |
| 21:00 | 11.4 | |
| 20:00 | 10.3 | |
| 19:00 | 6.4 | |
| 18:00 | 5.4 | |
| 17:00 | 14.7 | |
| 16:00 | 7.5 | |
| 15:00 | 5.2 | |
| 14:00 | 5.2 | |
| 13:00 | 4.8 | |
| 12:00 | 4.7 | |
| 11:00 | 4.7 | |
| 10:00 | 4.9 | |
| 09:00 | 4.6 | |
| 08:00 | 4.5 | |
| 07:00 | 4.6 | |
| 06:00 | 4.8 | |
| 05:00 | 4.5 | |
| 04:00 | 4.5 | |
| 03:00 | 4.3 | |
| 02:00 | 4.5 | |
| 01:00 | 4.8 | |
| Thursday, 10/1 | ||
| 00:00 | 4.8 | |
| 23:00 | 5.1 | |
| 22:00 | 5.4 | |
| 21:00 | 5 | |
| 20:00 | 4.9 | |
| 19:00 | 5 | |
| 18:00 | 4.7 | |
| 17:00 | 4.7 | |
| 16:00 | 4.8 | |
| 15:00 | 4.7 | |
| 14:00 | 4.6 | |
| 13:00 | 4.4 | |
| 12:00 | 4.3 | |
| 10:00 | 5 | |
| 09:00 | 4.6 | |
| 08:00 | 4.3 | |
| 07:00 | 4.5 | |
| 06:00 | 4.3 | |
| 05:00 | 4.5 | |
| 04:00 | 4.5 | |
| 03:00 | 4.5 | |
| 02:00 | 4.7 | |
| 01:00 | 4.5 | |
| Wednesday, 9/30 | ||
| 00:00 | 4.6 | |
Values as a table
| Day | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tue, 10/6 | 11.4 | provisional |
| Mon, 10/5 | 10.2 | provisional |
| Sun, 10/4 | 5.7 | provisional |
| Sat, 10/3 | 8.5 | provisional |
| Fri, 10/2 | 6.9 | provisional |
| Thu, 10/1 | 4.7 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/30 | 5 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/29 | 7.6 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/28 | 7.5 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/27 | 7.5 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/26 | 5.6 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/25 | 4.6 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/24 | 7.6 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/23 | 4.8 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/22 | 5.2 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/21 | 5.6 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/20 | 6.4 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/19 | 5.2 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/18 | 5.9 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/17 | 8.4 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/16 | 6.2 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/15 | 4.2 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/14 | 5 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/13 | 5.1 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/12 | 4.7 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/11 | 7.7 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/10 | 6.1 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/9 | 6.6 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/8 | 6.6 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/7 | 8.8 | provisional |
Values as a table
| Month | µg/m³ | a year earlier | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 2026 so far | 8 | 5.7 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days |
| September 2026 | 6.1 | 7 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| August 2026 | 8 | 6.1 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| July 2026 | 7 | 7.7 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| June 2026 | 6.2 | 10.2 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| May 2026 | 6.2 | 13.8 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| April 2026 | 5.9 | 14.6 | measured in 99 % of hours · provisional |
| March 2026 | 7.8 | 14.8 | measured in 98 % of hours · provisional |
| February 2026 | too few readings | 16.8 | measured in 32 % of hours · provisional |
| January 2026 | too few readings | 16.9 | |
| December 2025 | 8.4 | 13.3 | measured in 99 % of hours · verified |
| November 2025 | 7.1 | 13.8 | measured in 91 % of hours · verified · 1 day without data from the station |
SO₂ by year
Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)
| Measure | 2026* | 2025 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Days above 125 µg/m³ (allowed 3) | 0² | 0 | 0 |
| Hours above 350 µg/m³ (allowed 24) | 0² | 0 | 0 |
| Hours above 500 µg/m³, three hours in a row (alert threshold) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Annual average, µg/m³ | too few | 10.8 | 11.8 |
| Highest daily average, µg/m³ | 20March 4 | 43January 15 | 36February 7 |
| Highest hourly value, µg/m³ | 87May 5 | 264June 25 | 162December 9 |
| Hours measured | 81 % | 98 % | 95 % |
| Days without any reading from the station | 0 | 1 | 0 |
* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.
The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.
² Too few readings to compare with the number allowed: the figure covers only what was measured.
■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.
There is no allowed number for the warning and alert thresholds: every such hour or day is in red.
The column for 2023 is shown on wider screens.
Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation
This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.
- EU from 2030: daily 50 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2025 there were 0 such days.
- WHO 2021: daily 40 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2025 there were 2 such days.
- EU from 2030: annual average 20 µg/m³. Average in 2025: 11 µg/m³.
Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.
Outages in the last 12 months
Every period of at least 24 hours in which no reading arrived from this station.
Days without a reading: 2
1 outage, 55 hours in total in the last 12 months.
Timeline of outages from October 7, 2025 to today
| From | To | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| Nov 12, 2025 08:00 | Nov 14, 2025 15:00 | 2 days |
Calculated from the hourly values the EEA publishes. If late values arrive afterwards, an outage gets shorter or disappears.
Where the data comes from
Measured by Agency for Environmental Protection. We take the values from the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the CC BY 4.0 licence.
Values marked provisional have not been fully checked by the network yet. The EEA publishes verified data for the previous year once a year, usually by the end of September.
An hourly value is the average of one hour. We show the end of the hour: the value to 18:00 was measured from 17:00 to 18:00.
A day runs from midnight to midnight local time.
We only show an average when at least three out of four hours in the period have a reading. The EU air quality directive requires this for daily averages, and we apply the same rule to longer periods. We compare an annual average with the EU limit only once 90 % of hours are measured, as the directive requires. For 12 months and for a year we ask for more: if less than 90 % of hours are measured, every full calendar month needs readings for at least half of its hours. Otherwise a whole season could be missing from the average, such as summer, when ozone is highest.
We do not call a difference of up to 10 % a change, nor one of up to 1 µg/m³ at low levels, because weather and measurement uncertainty alone cause differences that size.
When a station sends no reading, the EEA sometimes fills the hour with a model estimate. We draw those hours dashed and leave them out of every average.
The EU limits come from Directive 2008/50/EC. Here they serve as a yardstick for comparison. When more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, the number of exceedances can only be higher, so we write “at least” in front of it.
samoEKO is a brand of samoLabs, Juelich.