Skip to content

Air at the Kavadarci station

Kavadarci, North Macedonia

Network: Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning · Station code: MK0044A

This year, up to yesterday (October 7)

42 days

with a daily average of particulate matter PM10 above the EU limit of 50 µg/m³.

35 days are allowed in the whole year.

The number allowed for the whole year has been exceeded.

7 days more than allowed

In 2025: 105 days above the limit, 35 allowed.

Worst day: January 15, 2026, PM10 129 µg/m³ as a daily average, 2.6 times the limit.

Daily average for 274 of 280 days · data for 2026 not yet finally verified · Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)

All figures by year and month

Moderate

Air now · Measured at 23:00

Latest values

Latest value: Wed 23:00

Readings
PollutantValueLevel
PM1047 µg/m³Moderate
NO₂34 µg/m³Moderate
O₃25.2 µg/m³Good
SO₂2.1 µg/m³Good

How the air is changing

Over the last seven days there was more PM10, PM2.5, and NO₂ in the air than the week before.

  • PM10: average 30 µg/m³, week before 27.3 µg/m³
  • PM2.5: average 12.5 µg/m³, week before 10.8 µg/m³
  • NO₂: average 28.9 µg/m³, week before 19.7 µg/m³
  • O₃: average 32.9 µg/m³, week before 30 µg/m³
  • SO₂: average 1 µg/m³, week before 1.3 µg/m³

Last month there was more O₃ and less PM2.5 and NO₂ in the air than the month before.

  • PM10: average 30.5 µg/m³, month before 32.4 µg/m³
  • PM2.5: average 11.6 µg/m³, month before 14 µg/m³
  • NO₂: average 19.7 µg/m³, month before 22.8 µg/m³
  • O₃: average 34.5 µg/m³, month before 13.7 µg/m³
  • SO₂: average 1.3 µg/m³, month before 1.3 µg/m³

Show

Particulate matter PM10

47

Nowµg/m³

Measured at 23:00

37.8

Last 24 hoursµg/m³

measured in 92 % of hours · provisional

30

Last 7 daysµg/m³

measured in 99 % of hours · provisional

29

Last 30 daysµg/m³

measured in 100 % of hours · provisional

41.7

Last 12 monthsµg/m³

measured in 99 % of hours · provisional

Days in 2024: PM10, daily average above 50 µg/m³

101 days above the limit. 9 days without any reading from the station.

1102031JanJan 1: 102 µg/m³, above the limitJan 2: 86 µg/m³, above the limitJan 3: 95 µg/m³, above the limitJan 4: 73 µg/m³, above the limitJan 5: 91 µg/m³, above the limitJan 6: 111 µg/m³, above the limitJan 10: 68 µg/m³, above the limitJan 11: 84 µg/m³, above the limitJan 12: 65 µg/m³, above the limitJan 13: 70 µg/m³, above the limitJan 14: 110 µg/m³, above the limitJan 15: 116 µg/m³, above the limitJan 16: 117 µg/m³, above the limitJan 17: 126 µg/m³, above the limitJan 18: 60 µg/m³, above the limitJan 19: 51 µg/m³, above the limitJan 22: 90 µg/m³, above the limitJan 23: 65 µg/m³, above the limitJan 25: 80 µg/m³, above the limitJan 26: 77 µg/m³, above the limitJan 30: 66 µg/m³, above the limitJan 31: 106 µg/m³, above the limitFebFeb 1: 133 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 2: 69 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 3: 103 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 4: 92 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 5: 116 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 6: 130 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 7: 135 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 8: 117 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 9: 92 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 10: 90 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 12: 79 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 16: 75 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 17: 82 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 18: 71 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 19: 58 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 20: 84 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 21: 60 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 22: 59 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 26: 51 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 27: 56 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 28: 62 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 29: 53 µg/m³, above the limitMarMar 3: 52 µg/m³, above the limitMar 6: 58 µg/m³, above the limitMar 22: 56 µg/m³, above the limitMar 26: 51 µg/m³, above the limitMar 27: 58 µg/m³, above the limitAprApr 1: 55 µg/m³, above the limitApr 2: 50 µg/m³, above the limitMayJunJun 5: no data from the stationJun 6: no data from the stationJun 7: no data from the stationJun 8: no data from the stationJun 9: no data from the stationJun 10: no data from the stationJun 11: no data from the stationJun 12: no data from the stationJun 13: no data from the stationJun 20: 65 µg/m³, above the limitJun 21: 74 µg/m³, above the limitJun 22: 58 µg/m³, above the limitJulJul 18: 62 µg/m³, above the limitJul 19: 72 µg/m³, above the limitAugSepSep 6: 54 µg/m³, above the limitOctOct 22: 50 µg/m³, above the limitOct 24: 76 µg/m³, above the limitOct 25: 51 µg/m³, above the limitOct 28: 59 µg/m³, above the limitOct 29: 74 µg/m³, above the limitOct 30: 66 µg/m³, above the limitOct 31: 54 µg/m³, above the limitNovNov 5: 59 µg/m³, above the limitNov 6: 76 µg/m³, above the limitNov 7: 74 µg/m³, above the limitNov 8: 74 µg/m³, above the limitNov 9: 71 µg/m³, above the limitNov 10: 73 µg/m³, above the limitNov 12: 57 µg/m³, above the limitNov 17: 52 µg/m³, above the limitNov 18: 100 µg/m³, above the limitNov 19: 114 µg/m³, above the limitNov 20: 70 µg/m³, above the limitNov 24: 68 µg/m³, above the limitNov 25: 124 µg/m³, above the limitNov 26: 95 µg/m³, above the limitNov 27: 127 µg/m³, above the limitNov 28: 132 µg/m³, above the limitDecDec 2: 91 µg/m³, above the limitDec 3: 95 µg/m³, above the limitDec 4: 54 µg/m³, above the limitDec 6: 65 µg/m³, above the limitDec 9: 74 µg/m³, above the limitDec 10: 72 µg/m³, above the limitDec 11: 86 µg/m³, above the limitDec 12: 59 µg/m³, above the limitDec 13: 84 µg/m³, above the limitDec 14: 70 µg/m³, above the limitDec 16: 60 µg/m³, above the limitDec 17: 123 µg/m³, above the limitDec 18: 160 µg/m³, above the limitDec 19: 136 µg/m³, above the limitDec 20: 95 µg/m³, above the limitDec 22: 88 µg/m³, above the limitDec 23: 73 µg/m³, above the limitDec 28: 54 µg/m³, above the limitDec 29: 67 µg/m³, above the limitDec 30: 136 µg/m³, above the limitDec 31: 112 µg/m³, above the limit
  • above the limit
  • below the limit
  • too few readings for the day
  • no data from the station
Days above the limit with values (101)
  1. Jan 1 102
  2. Jan 2 86
  3. Jan 3 95
  4. Jan 4 73
  5. Jan 5 91
  6. Jan 6 111
  7. Jan 10 68
  8. Jan 11 84
  9. Jan 12 65
  10. Jan 13 70
  11. Jan 14 110
  12. Jan 15 116
  13. Jan 16 117
  14. Jan 17 126
  15. Jan 18 60
  16. Jan 19 51
  17. Jan 22 90
  18. Jan 23 65
  19. Jan 25 80
  20. Jan 26 77
  21. Jan 30 66
  22. Jan 31 106
  23. Feb 1 133
  24. Feb 2 69
  25. Feb 3 103
  26. Feb 4 92
  27. Feb 5 116
  28. Feb 6 130
  29. Feb 7 135
  30. Feb 8 117
  31. Feb 9 92
  32. Feb 10 90
  33. Feb 12 79
  34. Feb 16 75
  35. Feb 17 82
  36. Feb 18 71
  37. Feb 19 58
  38. Feb 20 84
  39. Feb 21 60
  40. Feb 22 59
  41. Feb 26 51
  42. Feb 27 56
  43. Feb 28 62
  44. Feb 29 53
  45. Mar 3 52
  46. Mar 6 58
  47. Mar 22 56
  48. Mar 26 51
  49. Mar 27 58
  50. Apr 1 55
  51. Apr 2 50
  52. Jun 20 65
  53. Jun 21 74
  54. Jun 22 58
  55. Jul 18 62
  56. Jul 19 72
  57. Sep 6 54
  58. Oct 22 50
  59. Oct 24 76
  60. Oct 25 51
  61. Oct 28 59
  62. Oct 29 74
  63. Oct 30 66
  64. Oct 31 54
  65. Nov 5 59
  66. Nov 6 76
  67. Nov 7 74
  68. Nov 8 74
  69. Nov 9 71
  70. Nov 10 73
  71. Nov 12 57
  72. Nov 17 52
  73. Nov 18 100
  74. Nov 19 114
  75. Nov 20 70
  76. Nov 24 68
  77. Nov 25 124
  78. Nov 26 95
  79. Nov 27 127
  80. Nov 28 132
  81. Dec 2 91
  82. Dec 3 95
  83. Dec 4 54
  84. Dec 6 65
  85. Dec 9 74
  86. Dec 10 72
  87. Dec 11 86
  88. Dec 12 59
  89. Dec 13 84
  90. Dec 14 70
  91. Dec 16 60
  92. Dec 17 123
  93. Dec 18 160
  94. Dec 19 136
  95. Dec 20 95
  96. Dec 22 88
  97. Dec 23 73
  98. Dec 28 54
  99. Dec 29 67
  100. Dec 30 136
  101. Dec 31 112

Values in µg/m³, limit 50 µg/m³.

Months of 2024

MonthDays above 50Highest dayNo readings
January22 above the number allowed1260
February22 above the number allowed1350
March5 above the number allowed580
April2 above the number allowed550
May0500
June3 above the number allowed749
July2 above the number allowed720
August0450
September1 above the number allowed540
October7 above the number allowed760
November16 above the number allowed1320
December21 above the number allowed1600

Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.

Last 7 days, every hour: PM10 in µg/m³highest 86 µg/m³, latest 35 µg/m³ (22:00)050100ThuFriSatSunMonTueWedlatest 35 (22:00)
measuredmodel estimate, not counted
Last 7 days, every hour: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Hour toµg/m³Note
Wednesday, 10/7
23:0019model estimate, not counted
22:0035
21:0056
20:0075
19:0033
18:0022
17:0021
16:0026
15:0022
14:0029
13:0032
12:0029
11:0028
10:0049
09:0071
08:0064
07:0048
06:0039
05:0023
04:0021
03:0032
02:0030
01:0047
Tuesday, 10/6
00:0074
23:0047
22:0048
21:0036
20:0062
19:0049
18:0019
17:0025
16:0025
15:0032
14:0026
13:0025
12:0027
11:0033
10:0056
09:0086
08:0047
07:0046
06:0039
05:0029
04:0022
03:0016
02:0016
01:0022
Monday, 10/5
00:0038
23:0016
22:0025
21:0025
20:0045
19:0036
18:0012
17:0013
16:0023
15:0026
14:0027
13:0025
12:0024
11:0027
10:0044
09:0070
08:0069
07:0054
06:0017
05:0026
04:0041
03:0025
02:0024
01:0021
Sunday, 10/4
00:0019
23:0013
22:0015
21:0042
20:0068
19:0016
18:0012
17:0011
16:0013
15:0011
14:0017
13:0017
12:0020
11:0016
10:0024
09:0030
08:0025
07:0020
06:0016
05:0021
04:0014
03:0024
02:0024
01:0019
Saturday, 10/3
00:0021
23:0022
22:0024
21:0032
20:0047
19:0022
18:0015
17:0020
16:0018
15:0014
14:0021
13:0024
12:0026
11:0025
10:0064
09:0053
08:0034
07:0039
06:0027
05:0011
04:0019
03:0019
02:0018
01:0017
Friday, 10/2
00:0027
23:0030
22:0043
21:0061
20:0026
19:0026
18:0022
17:0024
16:0024
15:0020
14:0016
13:0028
12:0023
11:0031
10:0026
09:0062
08:0073
07:0030
06:0030
05:0020
04:0017
03:0016
02:0024
01:0023
Thursday, 10/1
00:0023
23:0040
22:0032
21:0038
20:0027
19:0032
18:0020
17:0016
16:0017
15:0018
14:0015
13:0021
12:0022
11:0025
10:0037
09:0045
08:0042
07:0034
06:0022
05:0017
04:0022
03:0025
02:0023
Last 30 days, daily average: PM10 in µg/m³highest 38 µg/m³, latest 38 µg/m³02040609/109/179/2410/1highest 38
EU daily limit, 50 µg/m³
Last 30 days, daily average: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Dayµg/m³Note
Wed, 10/737.8provisional
Tue, 10/637.8provisional
Mon, 10/531.4provisional
Sun, 10/421.1provisional
Sat, 10/326.3provisional
Fri, 10/230.1provisional
Thu, 10/126.5provisional
Wed, 9/3029provisional
Tue, 9/2937provisional
Mon, 9/2834.1provisional
Sun, 9/2721.2provisional
Sat, 9/2626.5provisional
Fri, 9/2521.2provisional
Thu, 9/2421.9provisional
Wed, 9/2321.3provisional
Tue, 9/2226provisional
Mon, 9/2130.5provisional
Sun, 9/2025.8provisional
Sat, 9/1929.6provisional
Fri, 9/1832.9provisional
Thu, 9/1729.8provisional
Wed, 9/1626provisional
Tue, 9/1527.8provisional
Mon, 9/1429.9provisional
Sun, 9/1326.1provisional
Sat, 9/1235.2provisional
Fri, 9/1135.2provisional
Thu, 9/1030.9provisional
Wed, 9/931.6provisional
Tue, 9/828.9provisional
Last 12 months, monthly average: PM10 in µg/m³highest 73 µg/m³, latest 30 µg/m³0255075DecFebAprJunAugOcthighest 73latest 30
Last 12 monthsthis month so fara year earlierEU annual limit, 40 µg/m³
Last 12 months, monthly average: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Monthµg/m³a year earlierNote
October 2026 so far3021measured in 99 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days
September 202630.527.9measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
August 202632.428.7measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
July 202627.135.6measured in 99 % of hours · provisional
June 202628.733.8measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
May 202626.927measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
April 202630.8too few readingsmeasured in 96 % of hours · provisional
March 202643.144.7measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
February 202649.472.7measured in 99 % of hours · provisional
January 202662.172.8measured in 90 % of hours · provisional
December 202572.969.5measured in 100 % of hours · verified
November 202556.963.4measured in 100 % of hours · verified

PM10 by year

Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)

Measure2026*20252024
Days above 50 µg/m³ (allowed 35)42 above the number allowed105 above the number allowed101 above the number allowed
Annual average, µg/m³ (EU limit 40)36.3*46.2 above the number allowed46.9 above the number allowed
Highest daily average, µg/m³129January 15148January 6160December 18
Highest hourly value, µg/m³379January 14636January 5541December 18
Hours measured98 %94 %97 %
Days without any reading from the station009

* 2026 up to October 7; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.

The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.

Unverified hourly values of particulate matter from 975 µg/m³ up, and single spikes from 500 µg/m³ up between low values, count as missing. In the verified data for BiH from 2023 to 2025 no hour was above 600 µg/m³.

■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.

The column for 2023 is shown on wider screens.

Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation

This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.

  • EU from 2030: daily 45 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2024 there were 126 such days.
  • WHO 2021: daily 45 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2024 there were 126 such days.
  • EU from 2030: annual average 20 µg/m³. Average in 2024: 47 µg/m³.
  • WHO 2021: annual average 15 µg/m³. Average in 2024: 47 µg/m³.

Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.

The worst days of 2024

DayAverageTimes the limit
Dec 18, 20241603.2 ×
Dec 19, 20241362.7 ×
Dec 30, 20241362.7 ×
Feb 7, 20241352.7 ×
Feb 1, 20241332.7 ×

Daily average in µg/m³, daily limit 50 µg/m³. Days with the same unverified value over many hours are not on this list.

Outages in the last 12 months

Every period of at least 24 hours in which no reading arrived from this station.

Days without a reading: 0

Timeline of outages from October 8, 2025 to today

In the last 12 months this station had no outage of 24 hours or longer.

Calculated from the hourly values the EEA publishes. If late values arrive afterwards, an outage gets shorter or disappears.

Where the data comes from

Measured by Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning. We take the values from the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the CC BY 4.0 licence.

Values marked provisional have not been fully checked by the network yet. The EEA publishes verified data for the previous year once a year, usually by the end of September.

An hourly value is the average of one hour. We show the end of the hour: the value to 18:00 was measured from 17:00 to 18:00.

A day runs from midnight to midnight local time.

We only show an average when at least three out of four hours in the period have a reading. The EU air quality directive requires this for daily averages, and we apply the same rule to longer periods. We compare an annual average with the EU limit only once 90 % of hours are measured, as the directive requires. For 12 months and for a year we ask for more: if less than 90 % of hours are measured, every full calendar month needs readings for at least half of its hours. Otherwise a whole season could be missing from the average, such as summer, when ozone is highest.

We do not call a difference of up to 10 % a change, nor one of up to 1 µg/m³ at low levels, because weather and measurement uncertainty alone cause differences that size.

When a station sends no reading, the EEA sometimes fills the hour with a model estimate. We draw those hours dashed and leave them out of every average.

The EU limits come from Directive 2008/50/EC. Here they serve as a yardstick for comparison. When more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, the number of exceedances can only be higher, so we write “at least” in front of it.

How we measure

samoEKO is a brand of samoLabs, Juelich.