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Air at the Kumanovo station

Kumanovo, North Macedonia

Network: Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning · Station code: MK0036A

This year, up to yesterday (October 6)

28 days

with a daily average of particulate matter PM10 above the EU limit of 50 µg/m³.

35 days are allowed in the whole year.

In 2025: 65 days above the limit, 35 allowed.

Worst day: January 14, 2026, PM10 126 µg/m³ as a daily average, 2.5 times the limit.

Daily average for 272 of 279 days · data for 2026 not yet finally verified · Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)

All figures by year and month

Moderate

Air now · Measured at 17:00

Latest values

Latest value: 17:00

Readings
PollutantValueLevel
PM1015 µg/m³Fair
NO₂42.6 µg/m³Moderate
O₃55.5 µg/m³Good
SO₂1.5 µg/m³Good

How the air is changing

Over the last seven days there was more PM10, PM2.5, NO₂, and O₃ in the air than the week before.

  • PM10: average 20 µg/m³, week before 13.3 µg/m³
  • PM2.5: average 13.5 µg/m³, week before 8.8 µg/m³
  • NO₂: average 27.9 µg/m³, week before 23.1 µg/m³
  • O₃: average 32.1 µg/m³, week before 22 µg/m³
  • SO₂: average 0.8 µg/m³, week before 1.1 µg/m³

Last month there was more NO₂ and less PM10, PM2.5, and O₃ in the air than the month before.

  • PM10: average 17.2 µg/m³, month before 22.9 µg/m³
  • PM2.5: average 10.8 µg/m³, month before 12.5 µg/m³
  • NO₂: average 25.7 µg/m³, month before 22.3 µg/m³
  • O₃: average 32 µg/m³, month before 41.6 µg/m³
  • SO₂: average 1.2 µg/m³, month before 1.4 µg/m³

Show

Particulate matter PM10

15

Nowµg/m³

Measured at 17:00

45.2

Last 24 hoursµg/m³

measured in 92 % of hours · provisional

20

Last 7 daysµg/m³

measured in 100 % of hours · provisional

18.3

Last 30 daysµg/m³

measured in 99 % of hours · provisional

27.7

Last 12 monthsµg/m³

measured in 98 % of hours · provisional

Days in 2026: PM10, daily average above 50 µg/m³

28 days above the limit. 2 days without any reading from the station.

1102031JanJan 1: 82 µg/m³, above the limitJan 2: 75 µg/m³, above the limitJan 3: 64 µg/m³, above the limitJan 9: 65 µg/m³, above the limitJan 10: 66 µg/m³, above the limitJan 13: 85 µg/m³, above the limitJan 14: 126 µg/m³, above the limitJan 15: 112 µg/m³, above the limitJan 16: 115 µg/m³, above the limitJan 19: 57 µg/m³, above the limitJan 20: 99 µg/m³, above the limitJan 23: 70 µg/m³, above the limitJan 24: 63 µg/m³, above the limitJan 25: 50 µg/m³, above the limitJan 29: 52 µg/m³, above the limitFebFeb 3: 71 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 8: 54 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 9: 57 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 23: 73 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 24: 54 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 27: 59 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 28: 64 µg/m³, above the limitMarMar 1: 68 µg/m³, above the limitMar 2: 74 µg/m³, above the limitMar 4: 68 µg/m³, above the limitMar 7: 67 µg/m³, above the limitMar 12: 51 µg/m³, above the limitMar 16: 50 µg/m³, above the limitAprMayMay 25: no data from the stationJunJun 28: no data from the stationJulAugSepOctNovDec
  • above the limit
  • below the limit
  • too few readings for the day
  • no data from the station
Days above the limit with values (28)
  1. Jan 1 82
  2. Jan 2 75
  3. Jan 3 64
  4. Jan 9 65
  5. Jan 10 66
  6. Jan 13 85
  7. Jan 14 126
  8. Jan 15 112
  9. Jan 16 115
  10. Jan 19 57
  11. Jan 20 99
  12. Jan 23 70
  13. Jan 24 63
  14. Jan 25 50
  15. Jan 29 52
  16. Feb 3 71
  17. Feb 8 54
  18. Feb 9 57
  19. Feb 23 73
  20. Feb 24 54
  21. Feb 27 59
  22. Feb 28 64
  23. Mar 1 68
  24. Mar 2 74
  25. Mar 4 68
  26. Mar 7 67
  27. Mar 12 51
  28. Mar 16 50

Values in µg/m³, limit 50 µg/m³.

Months of 2026

MonthDays above 50Highest dayNo readings
January15 above the number allowed1260
February7 above the number allowed730
March6 above the number allowed740
April0250
May0221
June0211
July0240
August0350
September0330
October up to yesterday0370

Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.

Last 7 days, every hour: PM10 in µg/m³highest 87 µg/m³, latest 14 µg/m³ (16:00)050100ThuFriSatSunMonTueWedlatest 14 (16:00)
measuredmodel estimate, not counted
Last 7 days, every hour: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Hour toµg/m³Note
Wednesday, 10/7
17:0020model estimate, not counted
16:0014.4
15:0018
14:0020.7
13:0024.4
12:0034.8
11:0040.6
10:0044.8
09:0046
08:0043.8
07:0038.6
06:0040.7
05:0042
04:0047.8
03:0048.4
02:0050.4
01:0052.6
Tuesday, 10/6
00:0064.6
23:0069.5
22:0087
21:0081.8
20:0050
19:0033.1
18:0015.8
17:0013.8
16:0010.2
15:0012.1
14:0016.2
13:0022
12:0027.5
11:0027.9
10:0030.8
09:0034.6
08:0029.9
07:0025.9
06:0024.5
05:0029.7
04:0043.5
03:0039.2
02:0049.6
01:0059.8
Monday, 10/5
00:0065.1
23:0056.3
22:0040.8
21:0044.4
20:0047.7
19:0031
18:0014.1
17:0011.8
16:0010.9
15:0014.3
14:0017.3
13:0021.8
12:0024.7
11:0025.1
10:0024.8
09:0026.2
08:0022.3
07:0017.8
06:0020.7
05:0022.6
04:0026.7
03:0026.6
02:0036.9
01:0035.5
Sunday, 10/4
00:0041.5
23:0049
22:0038
21:0028.9
20:0024.7
19:0014.1
18:004.7
17:004.8
16:008.6
15:009.7
14:009.6
13:0010.7
12:0014.4
11:0016.3
10:0013.6
09:0016.6
08:0012.8
07:0012.5
06:0011.6
05:0017.2
04:0023.1
03:0024.4
02:0029.9
01:0037.1
Saturday, 10/3
00:0031.7
23:0014.5
22:0015
21:0017.4
20:0022.1
19:0015.2
18:0011
17:009.3
16:008.7
15:008.9
14:009
13:0010.2
12:0011.1
11:0014.9
10:0015.4
09:0010.3
08:0010.5
07:009.7
06:009.3
05:0010.1
04:0011.5
03:0013.6
02:0014
01:0015.2
Friday, 10/2
00:0018.6
23:0023.9
22:0024.4
21:0020
20:0020.8
19:0012.9
18:0012.4
17:0011
16:008.7
15:009
14:008.4
13:009.9
12:0011.5
11:0013.7
10:0012.6
09:0013.3
08:0013.4
07:0010.1
06:0010.1
05:0011
04:0010.9
03:0013.9
02:0014.9
01:0012.8
Thursday, 10/1
00:0016.9
23:0013.1
22:0019.5
21:0024.9
20:0017.7
19:0012.5
18:008.3
17:007.6
16:008
15:006.1
14:006.4
13:008.7
12:009.5
11:0013
10:0013.3
09:0011.5
08:0011.2
07:009.5
06:0011.1
05:0011.3
04:0011.5
03:0017.8
02:0020.1
01:0012.3
Wednesday, 9/30
00:0013.2
23:0020.6
22:0023.9
21:0022.7
20:0023.3
Last 30 days, daily average: PM10 in µg/m³highest 37 µg/m³, latest 37 µg/m³02040609/99/169/239/30highest 37
EU daily limit, 50 µg/m³
Last 30 days, daily average: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Dayµg/m³Note
Tue, 10/637.5provisional
Mon, 10/528.6provisional
Sun, 10/419.7provisional
Sat, 10/313.3provisional
Fri, 10/213.7provisional
Thu, 10/112.6provisional
Wed, 9/3014.5provisional
Tue, 9/2917.4provisional
Mon, 9/2810.5provisional
Sun, 9/276.4provisional
Sat, 9/2610.7provisional
Fri, 9/2518.6provisional
Thu, 9/2417.3provisional
Wed, 9/2311.4provisional
Tue, 9/2212.7provisional
Mon, 9/2121.3provisional
Sun, 9/2019.8provisional
Sat, 9/1922.3provisional
Fri, 9/1822.9provisional
Thu, 9/1720.2provisional
Wed, 9/1615.6provisional
Tue, 9/1512.8provisional
Mon, 9/1412.3provisional
Sun, 9/1310.3provisional
Sat, 9/1217.8provisional
Fri, 9/1128.7provisional
Thu, 9/1032.1provisional
Wed, 9/932.8provisional
Tue, 9/820.3provisional
Mon, 9/713.6provisional
Last 12 months, monthly average: PM10 in µg/m³highest 54 µg/m³, latest 21 µg/m³0255075DecFebAprJunAugOcthighest 54latest 21
Last 12 monthsthis month so fara year earlierEU annual limit, 40 µg/m³month with days without data from the station
Last 12 months, monthly average: PM10 in µg/m³
Values as a table
Monthµg/m³a year earlierNote
October 2026 so far20.9too few readingsmeasured in 100 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days
September 202617.221.1measured in 99 % of hours · provisional
August 202622.922.1measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
July 202615.628measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
June 202612.3too few readingsmeasured in 91 % of hours · provisional · 1 day without data from the station
May 202613.718.5measured in 92 % of hours · provisional · 1 day without data from the station
April 202617.622.7measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
March 202636.543.6measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
February 202637.959.7measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
January 202654.565.3measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
December 202548.548.3measured in 99 % of hours · verified
November 202530.253.4measured in 99 % of hours · verified

PM10 by year

Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)

Measure2026*20252024
Days above 50 µg/m³ (allowed 35)2865 above the number allowed≥ 29²
Annual average, µg/m³ (EU limit 40)25.4*34.4too few
Highest daily average, µg/m³126January 14135January 1146December 31
Highest hourly value, µg/m³222January 20258March 8379December 17
Hours measured98 %95 %23 %
Days without any reading from the station2100

* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.

The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.

≥ means at least: more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, so the real number may be higher.

² Too few readings to compare with the number allowed: the figure covers only what was measured.

Unverified hourly values of particulate matter from 975 µg/m³ up, and single spikes from 500 µg/m³ up between low values, count as missing. In the verified data for BiH from 2023 to 2025 no hour was above 600 µg/m³.

■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.

Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation

This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.

  • EU from 2030: daily 45 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2026 there were 36 such days.
  • WHO 2021: daily 45 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2026 there were 36 such days.

Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.

The worst days of 2026

DayAverageTimes the limit
Jan 14, 2026provisional1262.5 ×
Jan 16, 2026provisional1152.3 ×
Jan 15, 2026provisional1122.2 ×
Jan 20, 2026provisional992.0 ×
Jan 13, 2026provisional851.7 ×

Daily average in µg/m³, daily limit 50 µg/m³. Days with the same unverified value over many hours are not on this list.

Outages in the last 12 months

Every period of at least 24 hours in which no reading arrived from this station.

Days without a reading: 6

4 outages, 151 hours in total in the last 12 months.

Timeline of outages from October 7, 2025 to today

FromToDuration
Jun 27, 2026 19:00Jun 29, 2026 12:0041 hours
Jun 9, 2026 16:00Jun 10, 2026 16:0024 hours
May 24, 2026 06:00May 26, 2026 16:002 days
Oct 28, 2025 10:00Oct 29, 2025 14:0028 hours

Calculated from the hourly values the EEA publishes. If late values arrive afterwards, an outage gets shorter or disappears.

Where the data comes from

Measured by Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning. We take the values from the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the CC BY 4.0 licence.

Values marked provisional have not been fully checked by the network yet. The EEA publishes verified data for the previous year once a year, usually by the end of September.

An hourly value is the average of one hour. We show the end of the hour: the value to 18:00 was measured from 17:00 to 18:00.

A day runs from midnight to midnight local time.

We only show an average when at least three out of four hours in the period have a reading. The EU air quality directive requires this for daily averages, and we apply the same rule to longer periods. We compare an annual average with the EU limit only once 90 % of hours are measured, as the directive requires. For 12 months and for a year we ask for more: if less than 90 % of hours are measured, every full calendar month needs readings for at least half of its hours. Otherwise a whole season could be missing from the average, such as summer, when ozone is highest.

We do not call a difference of up to 10 % a change, nor one of up to 1 µg/m³ at low levels, because weather and measurement uncertainty alone cause differences that size.

When a station sends no reading, the EEA sometimes fills the hour with a model estimate. We draw those hours dashed and leave them out of every average.

The EU limits come from Directive 2008/50/EC. Here they serve as a yardstick for comparison. When more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, the number of exceedances can only be higher, so we write “at least” in front of it.

How we measure

samoEKO is a brand of samoLabs, Juelich.