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Air at the Visoko station

Visoko, Zenica-Doboj Canton · Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Network: Federal Hydrometeorological Institute · Station code: BA0055A

This year, up to yesterday (October 6)

at least

45 days

with a daily average of sulphur dioxide (SO₂) above the legal limit of 125 µg/m³.

3 days are allowed in the whole year.

The number allowed for the whole year has been exceeded.

at least 42 days more than allowed

at least

293 hours

with sulphur dioxide (SO₂) above the legal hourly limit of 350 µg/m³.

24 hours are allowed in the whole year.

The number allowed for the whole year has been exceeded.

at least 269 hours more than allowed

Worst day: January 22, 2026, SO₂ 595 µg/m³ as a daily average, 4.8 times the limit.

SO₂ was above the alert threshold of 500 µg/m³ for at least 73 hours, three or more hours in a row (on 9 days).

At least 2 days with a daily average of PM10 above 300 µg/m³, the alert threshold in the Federation of BiH.

These are measured values only. Whether a warning or alert episode has been declared is decided and published by the competent authorities.

Also: at least 57 days above the legal daily limit for PM10 of 50 µg/m³ (35 allowed).

Also: at least 17 days with an 8-hour average of ozone (O₃) above the target value of 120 µg/m³.

Daily average for 184 of 279 days · data for 2026 not yet finally verified · Yardstick: legal limits in the Federation of BiH (Pravilnik, Official Gazette FBiH 1/12, 50/19, 3/21)

All figures by year and month

Moderate

Air now · Measured at 18:00

Latest values

Latest value: 18:00

Readings
PollutantValueLevel
PM1053.6 µg/m³Moderate
O₃59.6 µg/m³Good

How the air is changing

Over the last seven days there was more PM10 and O₃ in the air than the week before.

  • PM10: average 33.1 µg/m³, week before 23.5 µg/m³
  • O₃: average 42.8 µg/m³, week before 33.7 µg/m³
  • SO₂: too few readings to compare

There are not enough readings to compare with the month before.

  • PM10: too few readings to compare
  • O₃: too few readings to compare
  • SO₂: too few readings to compare

Show

Sulphur dioxide SO₂

no measurement

Now

too few readings

Last 24 hours

measured in 0 % of hours

too few readings

Last 7 days

measured in 0 % of hours

too few readings

Last 30 days

measured in 0 % of hours

too few readings

Last 12 months

measured in 53 % of hours · provisional

Days in 2023: SO₂, daily average above 125 µg/m³

75 days above the limit.

1102031JanJan 1: 204 µg/m³, above the limitJan 2: 195 µg/m³, above the limitJan 4: 224 µg/m³, above the limitJan 5: 134 µg/m³, above the limitJan 6: 136 µg/m³, above the limitJan 8: 168 µg/m³, above the limitJan 12: 167 µg/m³, above the limitJan 13: 132 µg/m³, above the limitJan 14: 180 µg/m³, above the limitJan 16: 143 µg/m³, above the limitJan 22: 145 µg/m³, above the limitJan 23: 170 µg/m³, above the limitJan 24: 159 µg/m³, above the limitJan 30: 148 µg/m³, above the limitJan 31: 184 µg/m³, above the limitFebFeb 1: 206 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 2: 247 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 3: 162 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 8: 153 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 9: 198 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 10: 405 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 11: 330 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 12: 273 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 13: 280 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 14: 224 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 15: 210 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 16: 222 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 17: 190 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 20: 171 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 21: 133 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 22: 174 µg/m³, above the limitFeb 28: 133 µg/m³, above the limitMarMar 1: 173 µg/m³, above the limitMar 2: 223 µg/m³, above the limitMar 3: 223 µg/m³, above the limitMar 4: 185 µg/m³, above the limitMar 5: 219 µg/m³, above the limitMar 6: 142 µg/m³, above the limitMar 7: 139 µg/m³, above the limitMar 17: 162 µg/m³, above the limitMar 18: 184 µg/m³, above the limitMar 21: 127 µg/m³, above the limitMar 22: 155 µg/m³, above the limitAprApr 11: 154 µg/m³, above the limitMayMay 8: 163 µg/m³, above the limitMay 18: 146 µg/m³, above the limitJunJulAugAug 19: 131 µg/m³, above the limitSepOctOct 17: 137 µg/m³, above the limitNovNov 20: 133 µg/m³, above the limitNov 21: 154 µg/m³, above the limitNov 26: 144 µg/m³, above the limitNov 27: 149 µg/m³, above the limitNov 28: 168 µg/m³, above the limitNov 29: 131 µg/m³, above the limitDecDec 4: 136 µg/m³, above the limitDec 5: 209 µg/m³, above the limitDec 6: 174 µg/m³, above the limitDec 8: 185 µg/m³, above the limitDec 9: 136 µg/m³, above the limitDec 10: 159 µg/m³, above the limitDec 12: 209 µg/m³, above the limitDec 17: 229 µg/m³, above the limitDec 18: 271 µg/m³, above the limitDec 19: 181 µg/m³, above the limitDec 20: 178 µg/m³, above the limitDec 21: 295 µg/m³, above the limitDec 22: 157 µg/m³, above the limitDec 23: 216 µg/m³, above the limitDec 24: 318 µg/m³, above the limitDec 25: 181 µg/m³, above the limitDec 26: 218 µg/m³, above the limitDec 27: 232 µg/m³, above the limitDec 28: 127 µg/m³, above the limitDec 30: 243 µg/m³, above the limitDec 31: 174 µg/m³, above the limit
  • above the limit
  • below the limit
  • too few readings for the day
  • no SO₂ data in the EEA database
Days above the limit with values (75)
  1. Jan 1 204
  2. Jan 2 195
  3. Jan 4 224
  4. Jan 5 134
  5. Jan 6 136
  6. Jan 8 168
  7. Jan 12 167
  8. Jan 13 132
  9. Jan 14 180
  10. Jan 16 143
  11. Jan 22 145
  12. Jan 23 170
  13. Jan 24 159
  14. Jan 30 148
  15. Jan 31 184
  16. Feb 1 206
  17. Feb 2 247
  18. Feb 3 162
  19. Feb 8 153
  20. Feb 9 198
  21. Feb 10 405
  22. Feb 11 330
  23. Feb 12 273
  24. Feb 13 280
  25. Feb 14 224
  26. Feb 15 210
  27. Feb 16 222
  28. Feb 17 190
  29. Feb 20 171
  30. Feb 21 133
  31. Feb 22 174
  32. Feb 28 133
  33. Mar 1 173
  34. Mar 2 223
  35. Mar 3 223
  36. Mar 4 185
  37. Mar 5 219
  38. Mar 6 142
  39. Mar 7 139
  40. Mar 17 162
  41. Mar 18 184
  42. Mar 21 127
  43. Mar 22 155
  44. Apr 11 154
  45. May 8 163
  46. May 18 146
  47. Aug 19 131
  48. Oct 17 137
  49. Nov 20 133
  50. Nov 21 154
  51. Nov 26 144
  52. Nov 27 149
  53. Nov 28 168
  54. Nov 29 131
  55. Dec 4 136
  56. Dec 5 209
  57. Dec 6 174
  58. Dec 8 185
  59. Dec 9 136
  60. Dec 10 159
  61. Dec 12 209
  62. Dec 17 229
  63. Dec 18 271
  64. Dec 19 181
  65. Dec 20 178
  66. Dec 21 295
  67. Dec 22 157
  68. Dec 23 216
  69. Dec 24 318
  70. Dec 25 181
  71. Dec 26 218
  72. Dec 27 232
  73. Dec 28 127
  74. Dec 30 243
  75. Dec 31 174

Values in µg/m³, limit 125 µg/m³.

Months of 2023

MonthDays above 125Hours above 350Highest dayNo readings
January15 above the number allowed222240
February17 above the number allowed674050
March11 above the number allowed252230
April1 above the number allowed41540
May2 above the number allowed191630
June041240
July0131130
August1 above the number allowed131310
September01580
October1 above the number allowed81370
November6 above the number allowed41680
December21 above the number allowed603180

Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.

There are no readings for this period.

Last 7 days, every hour: SO₂ in µg/m³
Last 30 days, daily average: SO₂ in µg/m³There are no readings for this period.00.519/99/169/239/30
no data from the station
Last 30 days, daily average: SO₂ in µg/m³
Values as a table
Dayµg/m³Note
Tue, 10/6no measurement
Mon, 10/5no measurement
Sun, 10/4no measurement
Sat, 10/3no measurement
Fri, 10/2no measurement
Thu, 10/1no measurement
Wed, 9/30no measurement
Tue, 9/29no measurement
Mon, 9/28no measurement
Sun, 9/27no measurement
Sat, 9/26no measurement
Fri, 9/25no measurement
Thu, 9/24no measurement
Wed, 9/23no measurement
Tue, 9/22no measurement
Mon, 9/21no data from the station
Sun, 9/20no data from the station
Sat, 9/19no data from the station
Fri, 9/18no data from the station
Thu, 9/17no data from the station
Wed, 9/16no data from the station
Tue, 9/15no data from the station
Mon, 9/14no data from the station
Sun, 9/13no data from the station
Sat, 9/12no data from the station
Fri, 9/11no data from the station
Thu, 9/10no data from the station
Wed, 9/9no data from the station
Tue, 9/8no data from the station
Mon, 9/7no data from the station
Last 12 months, monthly average: SO₂ in µg/m³highest 276 µg/m³, latest 43 µg/m³0100200300DecFebAprJunAugOcthighest 276latest 43
Last 12 monthsa year earlierlegal annual limit, 50 µg/m³month with days without data from the station
Last 12 months, monthly average: SO₂ in µg/m³
Values as a table
Monthµg/m³a year earlierNote
October 2026 so fartoo few readings
September 2026too few readings20 days without data from the station
August 2026too few readingsmeasured in 30 % of hours · provisional
July 202642.9measured in 80 % of hours · provisional
June 202645.4measured in 88 % of hours · provisional · 1 day without data from the station
May 202664.4measured in 80 % of hours · provisional
April 202687.1measured in 79 % of hours · provisional · 4 days without data from the station
March 2026103.1measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
February 2026132.7measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
January 2026276.3measured in 88 % of hours · provisional · 2 days without data from the station
December 2025too few readings76.7
November 2025too few readings106.6

SO₂ by year

Yardstick: legal limits in the Federation of BiH (Pravilnik, Official Gazette FBiH 1/12, 50/19, 3/21)

Measure2026*20242023
Days above 125 µg/m³ (allowed 3)≥ 45 above the number allowed48 above the number allowed75 above the number allowed
Hours above 350 µg/m³ (allowed 24)≥ 293 above the number allowed≥ 292 above the number allowed240 above the number allowed
Hours above 500 µg/m³, three hours in a row (alert threshold)≥ 73 above the number allowed≥ 82 above the number allowed34 above the number allowed
Annual average, µg/m³ (legal limit 50)too few69.8¹80.6 above the number allowed
Highest daily average, µg/m³595January 22513January 23405February 10
Highest hourly value, µg/m³1,327January 191,349January 121,297February 11
Hours measured70 %88 %94 %
Days without any reading from the station2700

* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.

The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.

≥ means at least: more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, so the real number may be higher.

¹ Fewer than 90 % of the hours were measured, so we do not compare this average with the limit.

■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.

There is no allowed number for the warning and alert thresholds: every such hour or day is in red.

Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation

This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.

  • EU from 2030: daily 50 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2023 there were 200 such days.
  • WHO 2021: daily 40 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2023 there were 223 such days.
  • EU from 2030: annual average 20 µg/m³. Average in 2023: 81 µg/m³.

Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.

The worst days of 2023

DayAverageTimes the limit
Feb 10, 20234053.2 ×
Feb 11, 20233302.6 ×
Dec 24, 20233182.5 ×
Dec 21, 20232952.4 ×
Feb 13, 20232802.2 ×

Daily average in µg/m³, daily limit 125 µg/m³. Days with the same unverified value over many hours are not on this list.

Outages in the last 12 months

Every period of at least 24 hours in which no reading arrived from this station.

Days without a reading: 36

8 outages, 853 hours in total in the last 12 months.

Timeline of outages from October 7, 2025 to today

FromToDuration
Sep 1, 2026 09:00Sep 22, 2026 09:0021 days
Jul 1, 2026 09:00Jul 2, 2026 09:0024 hours
Jun 9, 2026 05:00Jun 11, 2026 11:002 days
May 23, 2026 01:00May 24, 2026 08:0031 hours
Apr 10, 2026 04:00Apr 13, 2026 11:003 days
Apr 4, 2026 12:00Apr 7, 2026 09:003 days
Jan 26, 2026 15:00Jan 28, 2026 14:0047 hours
Jan 9, 2026 14:00Jan 11, 2026 11:0045 hours

Calculated from the hourly values the EEA publishes. If late values arrive afterwards, an outage gets shorter or disappears.

Who is responsible

Air quality in the Federation of BiH is monitored by three networks of stations: the federal, the cantonal and the municipal one (Air Protection Act, Official Gazette FBiH 72/24, Art. 12 to 16).

Federal Hydrometeorological Institute (FHMZ)
Runs the federal network, collects the data of all networks and publishes it. It issues a report every month and, every year by 31 July, the annual air quality report (Art. 14, 19 and 63).
Canton
Sets up the cantonal network and is responsible for the measures. When limit values are exceeded, it adopts an air quality plan. When warning or alert thresholds are at risk of being exceeded, it adopts a short-term intervention plan. When the information threshold or a concentration dangerous to health is exceeded, it informs the public (Art. 15, 22, 25, 27 and 61). In Zenica-Doboj Canton the Ministry of Physical Planning, Transport, Communications and Environmental Protection is responsible for environmental protection. The 2024 intervention plan was adopted by the Government of the canton.
Municipality
May run its own stations with the consent of the canton and must publish their results (Art. 16 and 17). Under the Zenica-Doboj Canton intervention plan (Official Gazette ZDK 3/24, Art. 3), the mayor of the municipality or city declares readiness based on the report of the authorised expert institution, and warning and alert based on the decision of the operational headquarters.
Inspectorates
The inspectorates of the Federation, the canton and the municipality supervise the law and the measures, each within its remit (Art. 71).

What the law requires when a limit is exceeded

A limit value is not a recommendation. The deadline for meeting the limit values for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter expired on 1 January 2021. Since then only the number of exceedances that the Pravilnik allows applies (Official Gazette FBiH 1/12, Annex X). The Air Protection Act adds that limit values, once met, must not be exceeded again (Art. 5(4)).

The law allows: for PM10 at most 35 days a year above 50 µg/m³, for sulphur dioxide at most 24 hours above 350 µg/m³ and at most 3 days above 125 µg/m³, for nitrogen dioxide at most 18 hours above 200 µg/m³ and no day with a daily average above 85 µg/m³ (Annex X).

When limits are exceeded, the canton adopts an air quality plan with measures that shorten the period of exceedance. The plan is published within eight days of adoption (Art. 8, 25, 26 and 63).

The alert thresholds are 500 µg/m³ for sulphur dioxide and 400 µg/m³ for nitrogen dioxide over three hours in a row, and 300 µg/m³ for PM10 and 280 µg/m³ for PM2.5 as a daily average (Pravilnik, Annex XIV, amended in Official Gazette FBiH 3/21). When such a situation threatens, the canton must have a short-term intervention plan. It can restrict traffic, construction work, the operation of plants and heating (Art. 27 and 28).

When the information threshold or a concentration dangerous to health is exceeded, the competent cantonal authorities inform the public through radio, television, newspapers and the internet: where, since when, how much was measured, what is expected and how to protect oneself (Art. 61 and 62).

In Zenica-Doboj Canton the procedure is set by the intervention plan (Official Gazette ZDK 3/24) in three stages: readiness, warning and alert. An alert also requires a forecast of stable weather for the next 48 hours.

The canton also has an Action Plan for Air Quality Protection from 2020 (Official Gazette ZDK 9/20), adopted under the earlier law. We could not tell from the published decision how long it applies.

The limit values in BiH match the EU rules of 2008. Since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended much lower values, for PM10 45 µg/m³ a day and 15 µg/m³ a year. From 2030 the EU lowers the annual PM10 limit to 20 µg/m³ (Directive (EU) 2024/2881).

We checked the rules against the published texts on 7 October 2026.

Where the data comes from

Measured by Federal Hydrometeorological Institute. We take the values from the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the CC BY 4.0 licence.

Values marked provisional have not been fully checked by the network yet. The EEA publishes verified data for the previous year once a year, usually by the end of September.

An hourly value is the average of one hour. We show the end of the hour: the value to 18:00 was measured from 17:00 to 18:00.

A day runs from midnight to midnight local time.

We only show an average when at least three out of four hours in the period have a reading. The EU air quality directive requires this for daily averages, and we apply the same rule to longer periods. We compare an annual average with the EU limit only once 90 % of hours are measured, as the directive requires. For 12 months and for a year we ask for more: if less than 90 % of hours are measured, every full calendar month needs readings for at least half of its hours. Otherwise a whole season could be missing from the average, such as summer, when ozone is highest.

We do not call a difference of up to 10 % a change, nor one of up to 1 µg/m³ at low levels, because weather and measurement uncertainty alone cause differences that size.

When a station sends no reading, the EEA sometimes fills the hour with a model estimate. We draw those hours dashed and leave them out of every average.

The limits are the legal limits of the Federation of BiH (Pravilnik, Official Gazette FBiH 1/12, 50/19 and 3/21, Annexes X and XIV). They match EU Directive 2008/50/EC. When more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, the number of exceedances can only be higher, so we write “at least” in front of it.

How we measure

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