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Air at the Sarajevo - Ilidza station

Ilidža, Sarajevo Canton · Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Network: Federal Hydrometeorological Institute · Station code: BA0043A

This year, up to yesterday (October 6)

at least

3 days

with a daily average of sulphur dioxide (SO₂) above the legal limit of 125 µg/m³.

Readings are missing for part of the period, so the real number may be higher.

In 2025: 2 days above the limit, 3 allowed.

at least

21 days

with a daily average of particulate matter PM10 above the legal limit of 50 µg/m³.

Readings are missing for part of the period, so the real number may be higher.

Worst day: January 22, 2026, SO₂ 151 µg/m³ as a daily average, 1.2 times the limit.

At least 2 days with a daily average of PM10 above 150 µg/m³, the warning threshold in the Federation of BiH.

These are measured values only. Whether a warning or alert episode has been declared is decided and published by the competent authorities.

Daily average for 213 of 279 days · data for 2026 not yet finally verified · Yardstick: legal limits in the Federation of BiH (Pravilnik, Official Gazette FBiH 1/12, 50/19, 3/21)

All figures by year and month

Fair

Air now · Measured at 18:00

Latest values

Latest value: 18:00

Readings
PollutantValueLevel
PM1012 µg/m³Good
NO₂24.1 µg/m³Fair
SO₂2.2 µg/m³Good

How the air is changing

Over the last seven days there was more PM10 and NO₂ and less SO₂ in the air than the week before.

  • PM10: average 21.7 µg/m³, week before 15.3 µg/m³
  • PM2.5: too few readings to compare
  • NO₂: average 32 µg/m³, week before 24 µg/m³
  • SO₂: average 6.8 µg/m³, week before 12.9 µg/m³

There are not enough readings to compare with the month before.

  • PM10: too few readings to compare
  • PM2.5: too few readings to compare
  • NO₂: too few readings to compare
  • SO₂: too few readings to compare

Show

Sulphur dioxide SO₂

2.2

Nowµg/m³

Measured at 18:00

6.3

Last 24 hoursµg/m³

measured in 92 % of hours · provisional

6.8

Last 7 daysµg/m³

measured in 100 % of hours · provisional

too few readings

Last 30 days

measured in 49 % of hours · provisional

too few readings

Last 12 months

measured in 84 % of hours · 2 months with too few readings · provisional

Days in 2024: SO₂, daily average above 125 µg/m³

1 day above the limit. 4 days without any reading from the station.

1102031JanJan 4: no data from the stationJan 5: no data from the stationJan 6: no data from the stationJan 7: no data from the stationFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecDec 28: 138 µg/m³, above the limit
  • above the limit
  • below the limit
  • too few readings for the day
  • no SO₂ data in the EEA database
  • no data from the station
Days above the limit with values (1)
  1. Dec 28 138

Values in µg/m³, limit 125 µg/m³.

Months of 2024

MonthDays above 125Hours above 350Highest dayNo readings
January00864
February00670
March00320
April00220
May00260
June00410
July00490
August00430
September00220
October00510
November00570
December1 above the number allowed01380

Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.

Last 7 days, every hour: SO₂ in µg/m³highest 35 µg/m³, latest 2 µg/m³ (18:00)02040ThuFriSatSunMonTueWedlatest 2 (18:00)
measured
Last 7 days, every hour: SO₂ in µg/m³
Values as a table
Hour toµg/m³Note
Wednesday, 10/7
18:002.2
17:002.7
16:002.9
15:004.8
14:007.8
13:0013.3
12:0015.7
11:009.4
10:006.9
09:006.3
08:004.8
07:002.3
06:002.1
05:002.4
04:003.1
03:003.3
02:003.8
01:004.6
Tuesday, 10/6
00:009.7
23:0012.3
22:009.6
21:007.7
20:007.5
19:007.7
18:008.1
17:007.2
16:001.8
15:002.7
14:003.5
13:004.8
12:005.9
11:005.2
10:005.7
09:004.9
08:003.7
07:002.3
06:003.6
05:002.6
04:001.9
03:003.1
02:0034.6
01:004.5
Monday, 10/5
00:004.4
23:004.2
22:004.2
21:003.7
20:004.3
19:003.1
18:001.8
17:002
16:004.6
15:007.6
14:0010.1
13:0010.7
12:0010.2
11:0011.6
10:0011.1
09:0014.4
08:0010.6
07:009.4
06:007.9
05:007.2
04:008.2
03:008.6
02:008.9
01:009.7
Sunday, 10/4
00:0012
23:0012.6
22:0013.5
21:0010.7
20:008.5
19:007.3
18:006.3
17:006.8
16:007.2
15:008.1
14:007.8
13:007.7
12:007.1
11:007.8
10:007.2
09:006.6
08:005.9
07:005.3
06:005.5
05:005.4
04:005.9
03:006.1
02:005.8
01:007
Saturday, 10/3
00:007.6
23:006.9
22:006.9
21:007.5
20:006.3
19:005.8
18:005.4
17:005.2
16:005.4
15:005.4
14:005.7
13:006.2
12:006.9
11:007.1
10:007.3
09:006
08:006
07:005.1
06:005
05:005.1
04:005.2
03:005.5
02:0019.7
01:007.2
Friday, 10/2
00:008.7
23:009.5
22:0011.7
21:008.9
20:005.2
19:004.1
18:008.5
17:005.2
16:005.3
15:005.6
14:005.5
13:005.4
12:005.6
11:006.5
10:007
09:008.4
08:007.7
07:005.5
06:004.8
05:005.4
04:005.2
03:004.9
02:005
01:004.9
Thursday, 10/1
00:004.5
23:005.2
22:006.9
21:008.3
20:0011.1
19:003.4
18:003.3
17:003.5
16:004.1
15:004.6
14:004.7
13:005
12:005.4
11:006
10:008
09:0010.1
08:009.2
07:005.5
06:006
05:006.8
04:005.1
03:004.3
02:004.2
01:004.5
Wednesday, 9/30
00:004.8
23:004.2
22:004
Last 30 days, daily average: SO₂ in µg/m³highest 28 µg/m³, latest 7 µg/m³020409/99/169/239/30highest 28latest 7
too few readingsno data from the station
Last 30 days, daily average: SO₂ in µg/m³
Values as a table
Dayµg/m³Note
Tue, 10/66.7provisional
Mon, 10/57.4provisional
Sun, 10/47.7provisional
Sat, 10/36.7provisional
Fri, 10/26.4provisional
Thu, 10/15.8provisional
Wed, 9/306.6provisional
Tue, 9/2921provisional
Mon, 9/286.5provisional
Sun, 9/273.4provisional
Sat, 9/266.1provisional
Fri, 9/2519.9provisional
Thu, 9/246provisional
Wed, 9/2327.6provisional
Tue, 9/22too few readings
Mon, 9/21no data from the station
Sun, 9/20no data from the station
Sat, 9/19no data from the station
Fri, 9/18no data from the station
Thu, 9/17no data from the station
Wed, 9/16no data from the station
Tue, 9/15no data from the station
Mon, 9/14no data from the station
Sun, 9/13no data from the station
Sat, 9/12no data from the station
Fri, 9/11no data from the station
Thu, 9/10no data from the station
Wed, 9/9no data from the station
Tue, 9/8no data from the station
Mon, 9/7no data from the station
Last 12 months, monthly average: SO₂ in µg/m³highest 49 µg/m³, latest 7 µg/m³0255075DecFebAprJunAugOcthighest 49latest 7
Last 12 monthsthis month so fara year earlierlegal annual limit, 50 µg/m³month with days without data from the station
Last 12 months, monthly average: SO₂ in µg/m³
Values as a table
Monthµg/m³a year earlierNote
October 2026 so far6.820.6measured in 100 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days
September 2026too few readings8.4measured in 30 % of hours · provisional · 20 days without data from the station
August 202614.28.8measured in 97 % of hours · provisional
July 202614.111.3measured in 94 % of hours · provisional
June 202614.89.4measured in 92 % of hours · provisional · 1 day without data from the station
May 202613.811.5measured in 94 % of hours · provisional
April 2026too few readings7.3measured in 20 % of hours · provisional · 4 days without data from the station
March 202628.86.8measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
February 202636.363.1measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
January 202649.339.5measured in 88 % of hours · provisional · 2 days without data from the station
December 202526.837.2measured in 100 % of hours · verified
November 202532.822.2measured in 96 % of hours · verified

SO₂ by year

Yardstick: legal limits in the Federation of BiH (Pravilnik, Official Gazette FBiH 1/12, 50/19, 3/21)

Measure2026*20252024
Days above 125 µg/m³ (allowed 3)≥ 3²2≥ 1²
Hours above 350 µg/m³ (allowed 24)0²30
Hours above 500 µg/m³, three hours in a row (alert threshold)000
Annual average, µg/m³ (legal limit 50)too few20.416.5
Highest daily average, µg/m³151January 22173February 5138December 28
Highest hourly value, µg/m³347February 21661February 5278August 3
Hours measured80 %97 %90 %
Days without any reading from the station2704

* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.

The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.

≥ means at least: more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, so the real number may be higher.

² Too few readings to compare with the number allowed: the figure covers only what was measured.

■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.

There is no allowed number for the warning and alert thresholds: every such hour or day is in red.

The column for 2023 is shown on wider screens.

Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation

This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.

  • EU from 2030: daily 50 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2024 there were 16 such days.
  • WHO 2021: daily 40 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2024 there were 31 such days.
  • EU from 2030: annual average 20 µg/m³. Average in 2024: 17 µg/m³.

Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.

The worst days of 2024

DayAverageTimes the limit
Dec 28, 20241381.1 ×

Daily average in µg/m³, daily limit 125 µg/m³. Days with the same unverified value over many hours are not on this list.

Outages in the last 12 months

Every period of at least 24 hours in which no reading arrived from this station.

Days without a reading: 36

8 outages, 853 hours in total in the last 12 months.

Timeline of outages from October 7, 2025 to today

FromToDuration
Sep 1, 2026 09:00Sep 22, 2026 09:0021 days
Jul 1, 2026 09:00Jul 2, 2026 09:0024 hours
Jun 9, 2026 05:00Jun 11, 2026 11:002 days
May 23, 2026 01:00May 24, 2026 08:0031 hours
Apr 10, 2026 04:00Apr 13, 2026 11:003 days
Apr 4, 2026 12:00Apr 7, 2026 09:003 days
Jan 26, 2026 15:00Jan 28, 2026 14:0047 hours
Jan 9, 2026 14:00Jan 11, 2026 11:0045 hours

Calculated from the hourly values the EEA publishes. If late values arrive afterwards, an outage gets shorter or disappears.

Who is responsible

Air quality in the Federation of BiH is monitored by three networks of stations: the federal, the cantonal and the municipal one (Air Protection Act, Official Gazette FBiH 72/24, Art. 12 to 16).

Federal Hydrometeorological Institute (FHMZ)
Runs the federal network, collects the data of all networks and publishes it. It issues a report every month and, every year by 31 July, the annual air quality report (Art. 14, 19 and 63).
Canton
Sets up the cantonal network and is responsible for the measures. When limit values are exceeded, it adopts an air quality plan. When warning or alert thresholds are at risk of being exceeded, it adopts a short-term intervention plan. When the information threshold or a concentration dangerous to health is exceeded, it informs the public (Art. 15, 22, 25, 27 and 61).
Municipality
May run its own stations with the consent of the canton and must publish their results (Art. 16 and 17).
Inspectorates
The inspectorates of the Federation, the canton and the municipality supervise the law and the measures, each within its remit (Art. 71).

What the law requires when a limit is exceeded

A limit value is not a recommendation. The deadline for meeting the limit values for sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter expired on 1 January 2021. Since then only the number of exceedances that the Pravilnik allows applies (Official Gazette FBiH 1/12, Annex X). The Air Protection Act adds that limit values, once met, must not be exceeded again (Art. 5(4)).

The law allows: for PM10 at most 35 days a year above 50 µg/m³, for sulphur dioxide at most 24 hours above 350 µg/m³ and at most 3 days above 125 µg/m³, for nitrogen dioxide at most 18 hours above 200 µg/m³ and no day with a daily average above 85 µg/m³ (Annex X).

When limits are exceeded, the canton adopts an air quality plan with measures that shorten the period of exceedance. The plan is published within eight days of adoption (Art. 8, 25, 26 and 63).

The alert thresholds are 500 µg/m³ for sulphur dioxide and 400 µg/m³ for nitrogen dioxide over three hours in a row, and 300 µg/m³ for PM10 and 280 µg/m³ for PM2.5 as a daily average (Pravilnik, Annex XIV, amended in Official Gazette FBiH 3/21). When such a situation threatens, the canton must have a short-term intervention plan. It can restrict traffic, construction work, the operation of plants and heating (Art. 27 and 28).

When the information threshold or a concentration dangerous to health is exceeded, the competent cantonal authorities inform the public through radio, television, newspapers and the internet: where, since when, how much was measured, what is expected and how to protect oneself (Art. 61 and 62).

The limit values in BiH match the EU rules of 2008. Since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended much lower values, for PM10 45 µg/m³ a day and 15 µg/m³ a year. From 2030 the EU lowers the annual PM10 limit to 20 µg/m³ (Directive (EU) 2024/2881).

We checked the rules against the published texts on 7 October 2026.

Where the data comes from

Measured by Federal Hydrometeorological Institute. We take the values from the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the CC BY 4.0 licence.

Values marked provisional have not been fully checked by the network yet. The EEA publishes verified data for the previous year once a year, usually by the end of September.

An hourly value is the average of one hour. We show the end of the hour: the value to 18:00 was measured from 17:00 to 18:00.

A day runs from midnight to midnight local time.

We only show an average when at least three out of four hours in the period have a reading. The EU air quality directive requires this for daily averages, and we apply the same rule to longer periods. We compare an annual average with the EU limit only once 90 % of hours are measured, as the directive requires. For 12 months and for a year we ask for more: if less than 90 % of hours are measured, every full calendar month needs readings for at least half of its hours. Otherwise a whole season could be missing from the average, such as summer, when ozone is highest.

We do not call a difference of up to 10 % a change, nor one of up to 1 µg/m³ at low levels, because weather and measurement uncertainty alone cause differences that size.

When a station sends no reading, the EEA sometimes fills the hour with a model estimate. We draw those hours dashed and leave them out of every average.

The limits are the legal limits of the Federation of BiH (Pravilnik, Official Gazette FBiH 1/12, 50/19 and 3/21, Annexes X and XIV). They match EU Directive 2008/50/EC. When more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, the number of exceedances can only be higher, so we write “at least” in front of it.

How we measure

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