Air at the Kosjeric station
Kosjerić, Serbia
Network: Agency for Environmental Protection · Station code: RS0052A
This year, up to yesterday (October 6)
at least
2 days
with a daily average of particulate matter PM10 above the EU limit of 50 µg/m³.
Readings are missing for part of the period, so the real number may be higher.
In 2025: 101 days above the limit, 35 allowed.
Worst day: September 9, 2026, PM10 61 µg/m³ as a daily average, 1.2 times the limit.
Daily average for 189 of 279 days · data for 2026 not yet finally verified · Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)
Moderate
Air now · Measured at 21:00
Latest values
Latest value: 21:00
| Pollutant | Value | Level |
|---|---|---|
| PM10 | 105.3 µg/m³ | Moderate |
How the air is changing
Over the last seven days there was more PM10 and PM2.5 in the air than the week before.
- PM10: average 39.7 µg/m³, week before 22.8 µg/m³
- PM2.5: average 19.2 µg/m³, week before 14.6 µg/m³
Last month there was less PM10 in the air than the month before.
- PM10: average 24.7 µg/m³, month before 29 µg/m³
- PM2.5: average 11.9 µg/m³, month before 12.5 µg/m³
Show
Particulate matter PM10
105.3
Nowµg/m³
Measured at 21:00
57.7
Last 24 hoursµg/m³
measured in 96 % of hours · provisional
39.7
Last 7 daysµg/m³
measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
28.5
Last 30 daysµg/m³
measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
too few readings
Last 12 months
measured in 75 % of hours · 3 months with too few readings · provisional
Days in 2026: PM10, daily average above 50 µg/m³
2 days above the limit. 90 days without any reading from the station.
- above the limit
- below the limit
- no data from the station
Days above the limit with values (2)
- Sep 9 61
- Oct 6 55
Values in µg/m³, limit 50 µg/m³.
Months of 2026
| Month | Days above 50 | Highest day | No readings |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 31 | ||
| February | 28 | ||
| March | 31 | ||
| April | 0 | 46 | 0 |
| May | 0 | 35 | 0 |
| June | 0 | 42 | 0 |
| July | 0 | 31 | 0 |
| August | 0 | 43 | 0 |
| September | 1 above the number allowed | 61 | 0 |
| October up to yesterday | 1 above the number allowed | 55 | 0 |
Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.
Values as a table
| Hour to | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Wednesday, 10/7 | ||
| 22:00 | 38 | model estimate, not counted |
| 21:00 | 105.3 | |
| 20:00 | 161.2 | |
| 19:00 | 179.1 | |
| 18:00 | 73.6 | |
| 17:00 | 19.2 | |
| 16:00 | 11.4 | |
| 15:00 | 29.2 | |
| 14:00 | 58 | |
| 13:00 | 38.4 | |
| 12:00 | 53.7 | |
| 11:00 | 69 | |
| 10:00 | 75.5 | |
| 09:00 | 51.1 | |
| 08:00 | 45.6 | |
| 07:00 | 29.6 | |
| 06:00 | 26.5 | |
| 05:00 | 26.5 | |
| 04:00 | 31.7 | |
| 03:00 | 39 | |
| 02:00 | 47.3 | |
| 01:00 | 44.3 | |
| Tuesday, 10/6 | ||
| 00:00 | 57 | |
| 23:00 | 54.1 | |
| 22:00 | 55.3 | |
| 21:00 | 82.2 | |
| 20:00 | 148.2 | |
| 19:00 | 139.7 | |
| 18:00 | 83.8 | |
| 17:00 | 56.7 | |
| 16:00 | 23 | |
| 15:00 | 29.7 | |
| 14:00 | 43.3 | |
| 13:00 | 43.9 | |
| 12:00 | 51.9 | |
| 11:00 | 56.8 | |
| 10:00 | 70.1 | |
| 09:00 | 48.1 | |
| 08:00 | 42 | |
| 07:00 | 36 | |
| 06:00 | 33 | |
| 05:00 | 33.9 | |
| 04:00 | 27.6 | |
| 03:00 | 34.8 | |
| 02:00 | 39.7 | |
| 01:00 | 39.5 | |
| Monday, 10/5 | ||
| 00:00 | 59.6 | |
| 23:00 | 47.4 | |
| 22:00 | 52.1 | |
| 21:00 | 79.4 | |
| 20:00 | 129.1 | |
| 19:00 | 67.1 | |
| 18:00 | 28.7 | |
| 17:00 | 40.3 | |
| 16:00 | 20.7 | |
| 15:00 | 30.7 | |
| 14:00 | 22.4 | |
| 13:00 | 35.8 | |
| 12:00 | 31.4 | |
| 11:00 | 50.7 | |
| 10:00 | 62.5 | |
| 09:00 | 36.1 | |
| 08:00 | 47.3 | |
| 07:00 | 25.6 | |
| 06:00 | 19.8 | |
| 05:00 | 16.2 | |
| 04:00 | 19.4 | |
| 03:00 | 24.5 | |
| 02:00 | 30.3 | |
| 01:00 | 38.2 | |
| Sunday, 10/4 | ||
| 00:00 | 32.4 | |
| 23:00 | 26 | |
| 22:00 | 35.4 | |
| 21:00 | 36 | |
| 20:00 | 76.3 | |
| 19:00 | 81.3 | |
| 18:00 | 27.1 | |
| 17:00 | 20.3 | |
| 16:00 | 13.5 | |
| 15:00 | 9.4 | |
| 14:00 | 13.9 | |
| 13:00 | 25.3 | |
| 12:00 | 29 | |
| 11:00 | 24.7 | |
| 10:00 | 31.2 | |
| 09:00 | 26.7 | |
| 08:00 | 20.5 | |
| 07:00 | 16.3 | |
| 06:00 | 18.7 | |
| 05:00 | 25.1 | |
| 04:00 | 27.2 | |
| 03:00 | 30.3 | |
| 02:00 | 32.5 | |
| 01:00 | 37.9 | |
| Saturday, 10/3 | ||
| 00:00 | 32.9 | |
| 23:00 | 29.5 | |
| 22:00 | 35.8 | |
| 21:00 | 26.2 | |
| 20:00 | 265.7 | |
| 19:00 | 59.6 | |
| 18:00 | 24.4 | |
| 17:00 | 25.3 | |
| 16:00 | 23.8 | |
| 15:00 | 30.6 | |
| 14:00 | 27.9 | |
| 13:00 | 32.8 | |
| 12:00 | 36.7 | |
| 11:00 | 41.9 | |
| 10:00 | 52.7 | |
| 09:00 | 39.1 | |
| 08:00 | 38.8 | |
| 07:00 | 24.4 | |
| 06:00 | 19.4 | |
| 05:00 | 22.2 | |
| 04:00 | 23.1 | |
| 03:00 | 26.2 | |
| 02:00 | 25.6 | |
| 01:00 | 28 | |
| Friday, 10/2 | ||
| 00:00 | 35.2 | |
| 23:00 | 32.7 | |
| 22:00 | 30.2 | |
| 21:00 | 42.1 | |
| 20:00 | 104.6 | |
| 19:00 | 95.7 | |
| 18:00 | 58.2 | |
| 17:00 | 51 | |
| 16:00 | 24.1 | |
| 15:00 | 25.6 | |
| 14:00 | 41.3 | |
| 13:00 | 29.3 | |
| 12:00 | 35.4 | |
| 11:00 | 41 | |
| 10:00 | 46.7 | |
| 09:00 | 39.9 | |
| 08:00 | 34.7 | |
| 07:00 | 28.9 | |
| 06:00 | 20.8 | |
| 05:00 | 19.7 | |
| 04:00 | 27.6 | |
| 03:00 | 28.1 | |
| 02:00 | 28.6 | |
| 01:00 | 30 | |
| Thursday, 10/1 | ||
| 00:00 | 25.9 | |
| 23:00 | 34.2 | |
| 22:00 | 36.8 | |
| 21:00 | 62.6 | |
| 20:00 | 86.7 | |
| 19:00 | 49.2 | |
| 18:00 | 33.4 | |
| 17:00 | 32 | |
| 16:00 | 27.2 | |
| 15:00 | 28.7 | |
| 14:00 | 24.3 | |
| 13:00 | 27.8 | |
| 12:00 | 34.6 | |
| 11:00 | 36.2 | |
| 10:00 | 46.5 | |
| 09:00 | 49 | |
| 08:00 | 40.5 | |
| 07:00 | 34.2 | |
| 06:00 | 26.8 | |
| 05:00 | 25.7 | |
| 04:00 | 29.4 | |
| 03:00 | 28.6 | |
| 02:00 | 28 | |
| 01:00 | 23.6 | |
| Wednesday, 9/30 | ||
| 00:00 | 26.3 | |
Values as a table
| Day | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tue, 10/6 | 55.4 | above the limit · provisional |
| Mon, 10/5 | 42.3 | provisional |
| Sun, 10/4 | 29.9 | provisional |
| Sat, 10/3 | 41.4 | provisional |
| Fri, 10/2 | 39.6 | provisional |
| Thu, 10/1 | 36.3 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/30 | 33.2 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/29 | 31 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/28 | 31.5 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/27 | 23.1 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/26 | 26.2 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/25 | 13.5 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/24 | 22 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/23 | 12.1 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/22 | 12.4 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/21 | 23.4 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/20 | 19.9 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/19 | 18 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/18 | 24.5 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/17 | 26.3 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/16 | 23.3 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/15 | 14 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/14 | 19.2 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/13 | 13.1 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/12 | 10.2 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/11 | 36.7 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/10 | 44.2 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/9 | 60.6 | above the limit · provisional |
| Tue, 9/8 | 43.2 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/7 | 29.6 | provisional |
Values as a table
| Month | µg/m³ | a year earlier | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 2026 so far | 40.8 | 20.5 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days |
| September 2026 | 24.7 | 20.2 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| August 2026 | 29 | 22.6 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| July 2026 | 18.9 | 24.8 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| June 2026 | 21.1 | 36.5 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| May 2026 | 19.5 | 18.6 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| April 2026 | 29.5 | 30.3 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| March 2026 | too few readings | 51.2 | 31 days without data from the station |
| February 2026 | too few readings | 82.3 | 28 days without data from the station |
| January 2026 | too few readings | 71 | 31 days without data from the station |
| December 2025 | 66.9 | 52.3 | measured in 100 % of hours · verified |
| November 2025 | 42.8 | 69.4 | measured in 100 % of hours · verified |
PM10 by year
Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)
| Measure | 2026* | 2025 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Days above 50 µg/m³ (allowed 35) | ≥ 2² | 101 above the number allowed | 113 above the number allowed |
| Annual average, µg/m³ (EU limit 40) | too few | 41.4 above the number allowed | 42.5 above the number allowed |
| Highest daily average, µg/m³ | 61September 9 | 179December 18 | 155January 24 |
| Highest hourly value, µg/m³ | 266October 3 | 331December 18 | 338January 24 |
| Hours measured | 68 % | 100 % | 98 % |
| Days without any reading from the station | 90 | 0 | 3 |
* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.
The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.
≥ means at least: more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, so the real number may be higher.
² Too few readings to compare with the number allowed: the figure covers only what was measured.
Unverified hourly values of particulate matter from 975 µg/m³ up, and single spikes from 500 µg/m³ up between low values, count as missing. In the verified data for BiH from 2023 to 2025 no hour was above 600 µg/m³.
■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.
Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation
This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.
- EU from 2030: daily 45 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2026 there were 3 such days.
- WHO 2021: daily 45 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2026 there were 3 such days.
Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.
The worst days of 2026
| Day | Average | Times the limit |
|---|---|---|
| Sep 9, 2026provisional | 61 | 1.2 × |
| Oct 6, 2026provisional | 55 | 1.1 × |
Daily average in µg/m³, daily limit 50 µg/m³. Days with the same unverified value over many hours are not on this list.
Particulate matter PM2.5
no measurement
Now
too few readings
Last 24 hours
measured in 8 % of hours · provisional
19.2
Last 7 daysµg/m³
measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
14.3
Last 30 daysµg/m³
measured in 100 % of hours · provisional
too few readings
Last 12 months
measured in 74 % of hours · provisional
Months of 2026
| Month | Highest day | No readings |
|---|---|---|
| January | 31 | |
| February | 28 | |
| March | 31 | |
| April | 27 | 0 |
| May | 20 | 0 |
| June | 18 | 0 |
| July | 19 | 0 |
| August | 20 | 0 |
| September | 24 | 0 |
| October up to yesterday | 26 | 0 |
Values in µg/m³. ■ marks a month with at least one day above the limit; the number allowed applies to the whole year. “No readings”: days on which not a single reading came from the station.
Values as a table
| Hour to | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tuesday, 10/6 | ||
| 00:00 | 38.1 | |
| 23:00 | 36.1 | |
| 22:00 | 32.9 | |
| 21:00 | 28.5 | |
| 20:00 | 38.1 | |
| 19:00 | 40.5 | |
| 18:00 | 18.2 | |
| 17:00 | 9.9 | |
| 16:00 | 6.6 | |
| 15:00 | 8.1 | |
| 14:00 | 14.4 | |
| 13:00 | 19.2 | |
| 12:00 | 23.9 | |
| 11:00 | 26.5 | |
| 10:00 | 37.1 | |
| 09:00 | 32.1 | |
| 08:00 | 28.1 | |
| 07:00 | 25.8 | |
| 06:00 | 23.3 | |
| 05:00 | 26.2 | |
| 04:00 | 22.2 | |
| 03:00 | 26.2 | |
| 02:00 | 27.8 | |
| 01:00 | 26.8 | |
| Monday, 10/5 | ||
| 00:00 | 40 | |
| 23:00 | 31.6 | |
| 22:00 | 29.6 | |
| 21:00 | 28.7 | |
| 20:00 | 34 | |
| 19:00 | 22.1 | |
| 18:00 | 10.6 | |
| 17:00 | 8.9 | |
| 16:00 | 5.1 | |
| 15:00 | 7.1 | |
| 14:00 | 8.4 | |
| 13:00 | 11 | |
| 12:00 | 12.5 | |
| 11:00 | 18.7 | |
| 10:00 | 28.4 | |
| 09:00 | 24.3 | |
| 08:00 | 32.9 | |
| 07:00 | 21.4 | |
| 06:00 | 16.7 | |
| 05:00 | 13.8 | |
| 04:00 | 15.3 | |
| 03:00 | 18.2 | |
| 02:00 | 25.6 | |
| 01:00 | 31.1 | |
| Sunday, 10/4 | ||
| 00:00 | 23.4 | |
| 23:00 | 18 | |
| 22:00 | 20.6 | |
| 21:00 | 15.8 | |
| 20:00 | 17.9 | |
| 19:00 | 16 | |
| 18:00 | 5.1 | |
| 17:00 | 4.4 | |
| 16:00 | 5.1 | |
| 15:00 | 4.3 | |
| 14:00 | 5.9 | |
| 13:00 | 12 | |
| 12:00 | 14.6 | |
| 11:00 | 15.3 | |
| 10:00 | 21.7 | |
| 09:00 | 20 | |
| 08:00 | 15.5 | |
| 07:00 | 12.8 | |
| 06:00 | 15 | |
| 05:00 | 20 | |
| 04:00 | 21.8 | |
| 03:00 | 21.6 | |
| 02:00 | 23.5 | |
| 01:00 | 30.1 | |
| Saturday, 10/3 | ||
| 00:00 | 23.9 | |
| 23:00 | 20.5 | |
| 22:00 | 25.6 | |
| 21:00 | 17.6 | |
| 20:00 | 45.6 | |
| 19:00 | 21.2 | |
| 18:00 | 8.5 | |
| 17:00 | 6.3 | |
| 16:00 | 5.8 | |
| 15:00 | 6.8 | |
| 14:00 | 8.6 | |
| 13:00 | 11.2 | |
| 12:00 | 15.3 | |
| 11:00 | 19.1 | |
| 10:00 | 23.6 | |
| 09:00 | 26.1 | |
| 08:00 | 25.9 | |
| 07:00 | 17.6 | |
| 06:00 | 14.8 | |
| 05:00 | 17 | |
| 04:00 | 17.6 | |
| 03:00 | 19.4 | |
| 02:00 | 18.1 | |
| 01:00 | 19.7 | |
| Friday, 10/2 | ||
| 00:00 | 24.9 | |
| 23:00 | 22.6 | |
| 22:00 | 20.3 | |
| 21:00 | 17.1 | |
| 20:00 | 27.2 | |
| 19:00 | 25.8 | |
| 18:00 | 10.3 | |
| 17:00 | 9.7 | |
| 16:00 | 6.3 | |
| 15:00 | 6.4 | |
| 14:00 | 9.8 | |
| 13:00 | 11.5 | |
| 12:00 | 14.4 | |
| 11:00 | 17.3 | |
| 10:00 | 24.5 | |
| 09:00 | 26.6 | |
| 08:00 | 23.3 | |
| 07:00 | 19.7 | |
| 06:00 | 15.5 | |
| 05:00 | 16.1 | |
| 04:00 | 21.2 | |
| 03:00 | 19.1 | |
| 02:00 | 19.5 | |
| 01:00 | 20.2 | |
| Thursday, 10/1 | ||
| 00:00 | 17.6 | |
| 23:00 | 22.8 | |
| 22:00 | 24.6 | |
| 21:00 | 23.9 | |
| 20:00 | 26.8 | |
| 19:00 | 14.2 | |
| 18:00 | 7.8 | |
| 17:00 | 8 | |
| 16:00 | 7.7 | |
| 15:00 | 7.7 | |
| 14:00 | 7.6 | |
| 13:00 | 10.2 | |
| 12:00 | 15.7 | |
| 11:00 | 16.1 | |
| 10:00 | 28.3 | |
| 09:00 | 32.7 | |
| 08:00 | 27.1 | |
| 07:00 | 25.6 | |
| 06:00 | 19.2 | |
| 05:00 | 20.6 | |
| 04:00 | 22.6 | |
| 03:00 | 21.7 | |
| 02:00 | 19 | |
| 01:00 | 16.3 | |
| Wednesday, 9/30 | ||
| 00:00 | 17.8 | |
Values as a table
| Day | µg/m³ | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Tue, 10/6 | 25.7 | provisional |
| Mon, 10/5 | 20.7 | provisional |
| Sun, 10/4 | 15.8 | provisional |
| Sat, 10/3 | 18.2 | provisional |
| Fri, 10/2 | 17.9 | provisional |
| Thu, 10/1 | 18.5 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/30 | 17.5 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/29 | 17.2 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/28 | 19.2 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/27 | 17.2 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/26 | 18.1 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/25 | 10.8 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/24 | 11.6 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/23 | 8.3 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/22 | 7 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/21 | 12.2 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/20 | 10.6 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/19 | 9.7 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/18 | 12.5 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/17 | 13.3 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/16 | 12.8 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/15 | 10.8 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/14 | 10.3 | provisional |
| Sun, 9/13 | 7.5 | provisional |
| Sat, 9/12 | 6.7 | provisional |
| Fri, 9/11 | 15.8 | provisional |
| Thu, 9/10 | 19.7 | provisional |
| Wed, 9/9 | 23.8 | provisional |
| Tue, 9/8 | 11.6 | provisional |
| Mon, 9/7 | 7.8 | provisional |
Values as a table
| Month | µg/m³ | a year earlier | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| October 2026 so far | 19.5 | 17.4 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional · year before: same days |
| September 2026 | 11.9 | 11.2 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| August 2026 | 12.5 | 10.1 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| July 2026 | 10.6 | 10.4 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| June 2026 | 10.8 | 14.2 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| May 2026 | 11.2 | 10.8 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| April 2026 | 19.4 | 19.1 | measured in 100 % of hours · provisional |
| March 2026 | too few readings | 33.9 | 31 days without data from the station |
| February 2026 | too few readings | 69.2 | 28 days without data from the station |
| January 2026 | too few readings | 61.2 | 31 days without data from the station |
| December 2025 | 56.5 | 47.8 | measured in 95 % of hours · verified |
| November 2025 | 33.5 | 57.6 | measured in 94 % of hours · verified |
PM2.5 by year
Yardstick: EU limits (Directive 2008/50/EC)
| Measure | 2026* | 2025 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Annual average, µg/m³ (EU limit 25) | too few | 28.4 above the number allowed | 30.6 above the number allowed |
| Highest daily average, µg/m³ | 27April 1 | 137December 18 | 145January 24 |
| Highest hourly value, µg/m³ | 85April 23 | 248December 18 | 281January 24 |
| Hours measured | 68 % | 97 % | 98 % |
| Days without any reading from the station | 90 | 0 | 3 |
* 2026 up to October 6; the average since the start of the year is not yet an annual average.
The monitoring networks have not yet finally verified this year’s data. The EEA publishes verified values once a year.
Unverified hourly values of particulate matter from 975 µg/m³ up, and single spikes from 500 µg/m³ up between low values, count as missing. In the verified data for BiH from 2023 to 2025 no hour was above 600 µg/m³.
■ and a figure in red: more than is allowed for the whole year.
Compared with the new EU rules and the WHO recommendation
This is not the yardstick for the verdict above, only a comparison. From 2030 the EU tightens its limits (Directive (EU) 2024/2881), and since 2021 the World Health Organization has recommended even lower values.
- EU from 2030: daily 25 µg/m³, 18 days allowed. In 2026 there were 6 such days.
- WHO 2021: daily 15 µg/m³, at most three to four days a year. In 2026 there were 58 such days.
Sources: Directive (EU) 2024/2881, Annex I; WHO global air quality guidelines 2021, table 0.1. Checked against the texts on 7 October 2026.
Outages in the last 12 months
Every period of at least 24 hours in which no reading arrived from this station.
Days without a reading: 90
1 outage, 2,160 hours in total in the last 12 months.
Timeline of outages from October 7, 2025 to today
| From | To | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| Jan 1, 2026 00:00 | Apr 1, 2026 01:00 | 90 days |
Calculated from the hourly values the EEA publishes. If late values arrive afterwards, an outage gets shorter or disappears.
Where the data comes from
Measured by Agency for Environmental Protection. We take the values from the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the CC BY 4.0 licence.
Values marked provisional have not been fully checked by the network yet. The EEA publishes verified data for the previous year once a year, usually by the end of September.
An hourly value is the average of one hour. We show the end of the hour: the value to 18:00 was measured from 17:00 to 18:00.
A day runs from midnight to midnight local time.
We only show an average when at least three out of four hours in the period have a reading. The EU air quality directive requires this for daily averages, and we apply the same rule to longer periods. We compare an annual average with the EU limit only once 90 % of hours are measured, as the directive requires. For 12 months and for a year we ask for more: if less than 90 % of hours are measured, every full calendar month needs readings for at least half of its hours. Otherwise a whole season could be missing from the average, such as summer, when ozone is highest.
We do not call a difference of up to 10 % a change, nor one of up to 1 µg/m³ at low levels, because weather and measurement uncertainty alone cause differences that size.
When a station sends no reading, the EEA sometimes fills the hour with a model estimate. We draw those hours dashed and leave them out of every average.
The EU limits come from Directive 2008/50/EC. Here they serve as a yardstick for comparison. When more than a tenth of the days or hours are missing, the number of exceedances can only be higher, so we write “at least” in front of it.
samoEKO is a brand of samoLabs, Juelich.